McDonnell Jessica, Zwetsloot Kevin A, Houmard Joseph, DeVita Paul
Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, 27858, Greenville, NC, United States.
Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, 28608, Boone, NC, United States.
Gait Posture. 2019 May;70:414-419. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.03.028. Epub 2019 Mar 28.
The health benefits of running based exercise programs are plentiful however the high rate of injury in these programs often reduces or eliminates exercise participation. Skipping has shorter steps, reduced vertical ground reaction forces (GRFs), and lower knee extensor torques, compared to running forming the basis of the present hypothesis that skipping would have lower tibio-femoral and patello-femoral joint contact forces.
The purpose of this study was to compare knee contact forces between skipping and running at the same speed. We also compared metabolic cost of these two gaits to examine the idea that the larger vertical displacement in skipping is a primary factor in its previously reported high metabolic cost.
The study evaluated joint contact forces through musculoskeletal modeling with GRF and 3D kinematic data and metabolic cost using oxygen consumption data from 20 young, healthy, trained participants as they skipped and ran on an instrumented treadmill at 2.68 m/s.
Skipping, compared to running, had substantially lower tibio-femoral and patello-femoral joint contact forces and linear impulses on both per-step and per-kilometer (i.e. lower cumulative loads) bases and also 30% higher metabolic cost. The lower joint loads in skipping were directly associated with its shorter steps and the higher metabolic cost was directly associated to its larger vertical displacement through the stride.
As joint loads may predispose individuals to running related injuries, skipping presents an attractive alternative exercise modality with additional increased aerobic benefits.
基于跑步的锻炼计划对健康有益，但这些计划中的高受伤率常常会减少或消除锻炼参与度。与跑步相比，跳绳的步幅更短，垂直地面反作用力（GRF）更小，膝关节伸肌扭矩更低，这构成了当前假设的基础，即跳绳时胫股关节和髌股关节的接触力会更低。
本研究的目的是比较相同速度下跳绳和跑步时的膝关节接触力。我们还比较了这两种步态的代谢成本，以检验跳绳中更大的垂直位移是其先前报道的高代谢成本的主要因素这一观点。
该研究通过肌肉骨骼建模结合GRF和三维运动学数据评估关节接触力，并利用20名年轻、健康、受过训练的参与者在装有仪器的跑步机上以2.68米/秒的速度跳绳和跑步时的耗氧量数据来评估代谢成本。
与跑步相比，跳绳时胫股关节和髌股关节的接触力以及每步和每公里的线性冲量（即更低的累积负荷）都显著更低，且代谢成本高30%。跳绳时较低的关节负荷直接与其较短的步幅相关，而较高的代谢成本直接与其通过步幅的更大垂直位移相关。
由于关节负荷可能使个体易患与跑步相关的损伤，跳绳是一种有吸引力的替代锻炼方式，还有额外增加的有氧益处。
