School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
School of Health Professions, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2019 Jul 1;113(7):359-369. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trz019.
Trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent for the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infection (STI) among women of child-bearing age. In Ghana, although the infection is prevalent, there is a dearth of data on the risk factors and symptoms associated with T. vaginalis infection. This study was conducted on 492 women visiting gynaecological and STI clinics in the Volta Region (VR) and Greater Accra Region (GAR) in southern Ghana. Wet mount microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to diagnose T. vaginalis infection. Infection prevalence was 13.2% and 18.1% by WMM and PCR, respectively. Diagnosis by PCR was significantly more sensitive (McNemar's test, p=0.0003). The regional prevalence of T. vaginalis infection by PCR was 21.7% in the VR and 12.8% in the GAR. There was a significant difference in prevalence between the two regions (Fisher's exact test, p=0.02). T. vaginalis infection was associated with vaginal itch (odds ratio [OR]=1.71, p=0.04) and a history of engaging in oral sex (OR 1.90, p=0.04). A high prevalence of T. vaginalis infection was recorded among women visiting gynaecological and STI clinics in southern Ghana. There was no consistent association of infection with any recorded clinical signs and no clear risk factors for infection were identified.
阴道毛滴虫是导致育龄妇女最常见的非病毒性性传播感染（STI）的病原体。在加纳，尽管这种感染很普遍，但关于与阴道毛滴虫感染相关的危险因素和症状的数据却很少。本研究在加纳南部的沃尔特地区（VR）和大阿克拉地区（GAR）的妇科和性传播感染诊所对 492 名妇女进行了研究。使用湿片显微镜检查和聚合酶链反应（PCR）来诊断阴道毛滴虫感染。湿片显微镜检查和 PCR 诊断的感染率分别为 13.2%和 18.1%。PCR 诊断的敏感性显著更高（McNemar 检验，p=0.0003）。PCR 检测的 VR 和 GAR 地区阴道毛滴虫感染的区域性患病率分别为 21.7%和 12.8%。两个地区的患病率存在显著差异（Fisher 确切检验，p=0.02）。阴道毛滴虫感染与阴道瘙痒（优势比 [OR]=1.71，p=0.04）和有口交史（OR 1.90，p=0.04）相关。在加纳南部妇科和性传播感染诊所就诊的妇女中，阴道毛滴虫感染的患病率很高。感染与任何记录的临床体征之间没有一致的关联，也没有确定明确的感染危险因素。
