Steul Katrin, Jung Hans-Georg, Heudorf Ursel
Gesundheitsamt Frankfurt am Main, Breite Gasse 28, 60311, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2019 May;62(5):589-598. doi: 10.1007/s00103-019-02938-6.
In addition to mortality data, hospital admission, emergency department visits, and emergency service calls data are used for the surveillance of heat-related morbidity. We report on heat-associated morbidity in Frankfurt am Main from 2014-2018 using the web-based care capacity proof system (IVENA) of the rescue service operations.
In the web-based IVENA system, all patients with prehospital emergency care are recorded in real time. The rescue service operations were evaluated in the summer months (June-August) from 2014-2018 in Frankfurt am Main as a whole and separately according to various heat-related diagnoses. The current temperature data of the Frankfurt East measuring station were obtained online as hourly values from the website of the Hessian Institute for Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology ( www.hlnug.de ). Temperature maxima ≥32 ℃ for at least 5 days were defined as a "heatwave."
From 2014-2018, three heatwaves occurred according to the definition above: in 2015, 2016, and 2018, with an extremely long heat period in 2018 (17 days). During the heatwave in 2015, the highest excess morbidity was noted: +17% total ambulance service operations and +198% emergency service operations due to heat-related disease disorders. The evaluation of the long heat period in 2018 showed that with increasing duration of the heat period, the emergency rescue service operations due to total heat-associated morbidity remained high with increasing emergency service operations due to exsiccosis and unclear fever.
The data obtained by the IVENA system enable a current and complete assessment of severe acute diseases in the city or in the respective rescue service area in real time. Health effects of heat events can thus be investigated in real time and the system can be used as an early warning system for prevention.
除死亡率数据外，医院入院、急诊科就诊和急救服务呼叫数据也用于监测与热相关的发病率。我们使用救援服务运营的基于网络的护理能力证明系统（IVENA）报告了2014年至2018年美因河畔法兰克福与热相关的发病率。
在基于网络的IVENA系统中，所有接受院前急救的患者均被实时记录。对2014年至2018年夏季月份（6月至8月）美因河畔法兰克福的救援服务运营进行了整体评估，并根据各种与热相关的诊断分别进行评估。法兰克福东部测量站的当前温度数据从黑森州自然保护、环境和地质研究所网站（www.hlnug.de）按小时值在线获取。至少连续5天最高温度≥32℃被定义为“热浪”。
根据上述定义，2014年至2018年期间出现了三次热浪：分别在2015年、2016年和2018年，2018年的热浪期极长（17天）。2015年热浪期间，发病率超额最高：因与热相关疾病导致的总救护车服务运营增加17%，急救服务运营增加198%。对2018年长时间热浪期的评估表明，随着热浪期持续时间的增加，因与热相关的总发病率导致的紧急救援服务运营居高不下，因脱水和不明发热导致的急救服务运营也不断增加。
IVENA系统获取的数据能够实时对城市或各个救援服务区内的严重急性疾病进行当前和全面的评估。因此，可以实时调查热事件对健康的影响，该系统可用作预防的早期预警系统。
