State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
Chemosphere. 2019 Jul;227:225-236. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.047. Epub 2019 Apr 8.
Ombrotrophic peatlands are widely used to reconstruct atmospheric metal deposition histories. Here, we estimated the long-term atmospheric Pb deposition flux using ombrotrophic peatland data from the Changbai Mountains, northeast China. A peat profile of 320-cm depth was sampled and cut into 164 slices for measurement of Pb and other elements by ICP-MS and ICP-AES and radiometric dating by Pb, Cs and C. Pb concentration in the peat ranged from 2.18 to 68.33 mg kg, while the atmospheric Pb deposition flux ranged from 0.12 to 12.49 mg m a. The Little Ice Age (cold and wet climate) led to low Pb concentration, Pb/Sc ratio, and Pb deposition flux (4.40 ± 0.70 mg kg, 2.04 ± 0.38, and 0.28 ± 0.09 mg m a, respectively). On the other hand, intense volcanic eruptions resulted in high Pb concentration, Pb/Sc ratio, and P flux (54.48 ± 13.08 mg kg, 7.85 ± 2.09, and 8.15 ± 2.85 mg m a, respectively). In addition, rapid economic development since the 1980s resulted in a gradual increase of anthropogenic Pb concentration from 1.54 mg kg to 5.85 mg kg; thus, the anthropogenic Pb deposition flux (0.43 ± 0.21 mg m a) was high during this period. In general, peat Pb concentration and atmospheric Pb deposition fluxes in this region have been affected by climate change, volcanic eruptions, and human activities. It was further demonstrated that atmospheric Pb emissions and deposition in China decreased since leaded gasoline was phased out in 2001. The results are critical to understand the geochemistry of Pb and to assess the effects of human activities on atmospheric Pb emissions and deposition in China.
寡营养泥炭地被广泛用于重建大气金属沉积历史。在这里，我们使用来自中国东北长白山的寡营养泥炭地数据来估计长期大气 Pb 沉积通量。采集了一个 320 厘米深的泥炭剖面，并将其切成 164 个薄片，通过 ICP-MS 和 ICP-AES 测量 Pb 和其他元素的浓度，并通过 Pb、Cs 和 C 进行放射性测年。泥炭中的 Pb 浓度范围为 2.18 至 68.33mgkg，而大气 Pb 沉积通量范围为 0.12 至 12.49mgma。小冰期（寒冷和潮湿的气候）导致 Pb 浓度、Pb/Sc 比值和 Pb 沉积通量较低（分别为 4.40±0.70mgkg、2.04±0.38 和 0.28±0.09mgma）。另一方面，剧烈的火山爆发导致 Pb 浓度、Pb/Sc 比值和 P 通量较高（分别为 54.48±13.08mgkg、7.85±2.09 和 8.15±2.85mgma）。此外，自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，经济的快速发展导致人为 Pb 浓度从 1.54mgkg 逐渐增加到 5.85mgkg，因此，这一时期人为 Pb 沉积通量（0.43±0.21mgma）较高。总体而言，该地区的泥炭 Pb 浓度和大气 Pb 沉积通量受到气候变化、火山爆发和人类活动的影响。进一步表明，自 2001 年逐步淘汰含铅汽油以来，中国的大气 Pb 排放和沉积有所减少。这些结果对于了解 Pb 的地球化学以及评估人类活动对中国大气 Pb 排放和沉积的影响至关重要。
