Han Lei, Pan Ya Wen, Zhu Zhi Mei, Fan Jun, Wang Sheng
College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2019 Apr;30(4):1415-1422. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.040.
Understanding the effects of land use patterns on soil water and gas transport in the water-wind erosion crisscross region can provide guidance for high-efficiency use of limited soil and water resource in the ecological rehabilitation process on the Loess Plateau. To investigate the cha-racteristics of soil water and gas transport under different land use patterns and to study the relationships between soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (K), air permeability (K) and relative gas diffusivity (D/D), we collected soil samples (0-5 cm depth) from Caragana korshinskii land, abandoned land, alfalfa land, cropland, and bare land. K was measured by constant-head method. D/D was measured by gas chamber method. K under field capacity (FC) was measured using the soil gas permeability meter. Results showed that soil bulk density (ρ) ranked as alfalfa land>bare land>abandoned land>C. korshinskii land >cropland, with that of abandoned land, bare land and alfalfa land being significantly different from that of cropland. Total soil porosity (Φ) ranked as cropland>C. korshinskii land>abandoned land>bare land>alfalfa land. Compared with cropland, Φ of alfalfa land, bare land and abandoned land was lower by 7.5%, 4.7% and 3.1%, respectively. Air filled porosity (ε) ranked as cropland>abandoned land>C. korshinskii land>bare land>alfalfa land. ε of alfalfa land, bare land, C. korshinskii land and abandoned land was lower by 38.3%, 33.6%, 12.8% and 10.1%, respectively, as compared with cropland. Soil K ranked as abandoned land>C. korshinskii land>alfalfa land>bare land>cropland, with that of the abandoned land being significantly higher than the other four land use patterns. Soil K ranked as abandoned land>alfalfa land>C. korshinskii land>bare land>cropland, with that of abandoned land being significantly diffe-rent with cropland. Soil D/D ranked as abandoned land> C. korshinskii land> alfalfa land>cropland>bare land, in which D/D of C. korshinskii land and abandoned land was significantly higher than cropland by 36.8% and 61.6%, respectively. There were significant correlations between K and K, D/D under FC conditions. Land use patterns significantly changed soil permeability. Farmland, abandonment, C. korshinskii, and alfalfa plantation improved hydraulic and gas transport parameters of the surface soil. In contrast, farmland and bare land had poor capability of soil water and gas transport.
了解土地利用模式对水蚀风蚀交错区土壤水气运移的影响，可为黄土高原生态修复过程中高效利用有限的水土资源提供指导。为了研究不同土地利用模式下土壤水气运移特征，以及土壤饱和导水率（K）、透气率（K）和相对气体扩散率（D/D）之间的关系，我们采集了柠条林地、撂荒地、苜蓿地、农田和裸地0-5厘米深度的土壤样本。K采用常水头法测量。D/D采用气室法测量。田间持水量（FC）下的K使用土壤透气率仪测量。结果表明，土壤容重（ρ）排序为苜蓿地>裸地>撂荒地>柠条林地>农田，其中撂荒地、裸地和苜蓿地的容重与农田有显著差异。土壤总孔隙度（Φ）排序为农田>柠条林地>撂荒地>裸地>苜蓿地。与农田相比，苜蓿地、裸地和撂荒地的Φ分别低7.5%、4.7%和3.1%。通气孔隙度（ε）排序为农田>撂荒地>柠条林地>裸地>苜蓿地。与农田相比，苜蓿地、裸地、柠条林地和撂荒地的ε分别低38.3%、33.6%、12.8%和10.1%。土壤K排序为撂荒地>柠条林地>苜蓿地>裸地>农田，其中撂荒地的K显著高于其他四种土地利用模式。土壤K排序为撂荒地>苜蓿地>柠条林地>裸地>农田，其中撂荒地的K与农田有显著差异。土壤D/D排序为撂荒地>柠条林地>苜蓿地>农田>裸地，其中柠条林地和撂荒地的D/D分别比农田显著高36.8%和61.6%。在FC条件下，K与K、D/D之间存在显著相关性。土地利用模式显著改变了土壤渗透性。农田、撂荒地、柠条林地和苜蓿种植改善了表层土壤的水力和气体传输参数。相比之下，农田和裸地的土壤水气运移能力较差。
