Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, 531 South College Ave, Newark, DE 19716.
Maple Leaf Farms, Leesburg, IN 46538.
Poult Sci. 2019 Aug 1;98(8):3246-3256. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez183.
This study was conducted to characterize metabolic differences between high feed efficiency (HFE) and low feed efficiency (LFE) chickens to investigate why feed efficient chickens are more susceptible to muscle abnormalities such as wooden breast disease. Gene expression profiles were generated by RNA sequencing of pectoralis major muscle samples from 10 HFE and 13 LFE broiler chickens selected from a modern broiler population. Metabolism-associated differentially expressed genes were identified and interpreted by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and literature mining. Our RNA-seq data indicate decreased glycolytic capacity, increased fatty acid uptake, mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids, and several other metabolic alterations in the pectoralis major muscle of HFE chickens. We also quantified glycogen content of the pectoralis major muscle and found that the HFE chickens had a significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower glycogen content. Collectively, this study indicates extensive metabolic differences in the pectoralis major muscle between HFE and LFE chickens and helps identify metabolic features of susceptibility to muscle disorders in modern broiler chickens.
本研究旨在描述高饲料效率（HFE）和低饲料效率（LFE）鸡之间的代谢差异，以研究为什么饲料效率高的鸡更容易出现肌肉异常，如木质鸡胸病。通过对从现代肉鸡群体中选择的 10 只 HFE 和 13 只 LFE 肉鸡的胸肌大肌肉样本进行 RNA 测序，生成了基因表达谱。通过 Ingenuity Pathway Analysis 和文献挖掘对与代谢相关的差异表达基因进行鉴定和解释。我们的 RNA-seq 数据表明，HFE 鸡的胸大肌中糖酵解能力降低，脂肪酸摄取增加，脂肪酸的线粒体氧化增加，以及其他几种代谢改变。我们还定量了胸大肌的糖原含量，发现 HFE 鸡的糖原含量明显（P ≤ 0.05）降低。总的来说，这项研究表明 HFE 和 LFE 鸡的胸大肌之间存在广泛的代谢差异，并有助于确定现代肉鸡易患肌肉疾病的代谢特征。
