Schepers H T A M, Kessel G J T, Lucca F, Förch M G, van den Bosch G B M, Topper C G, Evenhuis A
1Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 430, 8200 AK Lelystad, the Netherlands.
2Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Eur J Plant Pathol. 2018;151(4):947-960. doi: 10.1007/s10658-018-1430-y. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
is the causal organism of potato late blight, the most important disease in potato, the second most important arable crop in Europe. The population in Europe is well known for its sudden changes in composition. Currently it is composed of a wide variety of genotypes, some of which are dominant clonal lines while others are rare or even unique to a year or location. Fungicides play a crucial role in the integrated control of late blight. Since its introduction in the Netherlands in 1992, fluazinam has been used in late blight control strategies in ware and starch potatoes. It has a broad spectrum of activity and is effective against a range of diseases including potato late blight. Fluazinam interrupts the pathogen cell's energy production process by an uncoupling effect on oxidative phosphorylation. It is considered to have a low resistance risk. Until recently, reduced efficacy against fluazinam was not detected in surveys in Europe. In this paper we present the finding of a new clonal lineage (EU_33_A2) of in the Netherlands and the reduced efficacy of fluazinam to control one of the EU_33_A2 isolates in field experiments carried out in 2011 and 2015 under high disease pressure. The potential effects of this finding on practical late blight control strategies are discussed.
是马铃薯晚疫病的致病有机体，马铃薯晚疫病是马铃薯最重要的病害，而马铃薯是欧洲第二重要的耕地作物。欧洲的该种群以其组成的突然变化而闻名。目前它由各种各样的基因型组成，其中一些是优势克隆系，而其他一些则是罕见的，甚至是某一年或某个地点特有的。杀菌剂在晚疫病的综合防治中起着至关重要的作用。自1992年在荷兰引入以来，氟啶胺已被用于商品马铃薯和淀粉马铃薯的晚疫病防治策略中。它具有广泛的活性谱，对包括马铃薯晚疫病在内的一系列病害都有效。氟啶胺通过对氧化磷酸化的解偶联作用中断病原体细胞的能量产生过程。它被认为具有较低的抗药性风险。直到最近，在欧洲的调查中还未检测到对氟啶胺的药效降低情况。在本文中，我们展示了在荷兰发现的一种新的克隆谱系（EU_33_A2），以及在2011年和2015年高病害压力下进行的田间试验中，氟啶胺对控制EU_33_A2分离株之一的药效降低情况。讨论了这一发现对实际晚疫病防治策略的潜在影响。
