Shyu Esther, Caswell Hal
1Biology Department MS-34, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
2Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94248, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Popul Ecol. 2018;60(1):21-36. doi: 10.1007/s10144-018-0615-8. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
Models of sexually-reproducing populations that consider only a single sex cannot capture the effects of sex-specific demographic differences and mate availability. We present a new framework for two-sex demographic models that implements and extends the birth-matrix mating-rule approach of Pollak. The model is a continuous-time matrix model that explicitly includes the processes of mating (which is nonlinear but homogeneous), offspring production, and demographic transitions and survival. The resulting nonlinear model converges to exponential growth with an equilibrium population composition. The model can incorporate age- or stage-structured life histories and flexible mating functions. As an example, we apply the model to analyze the effects of mating strategies (polygamy or monogamy, and mated unions composed of males and females, of variable duration) on the response to sex-biased harvesting. The combination of demographic complexity with the interaction of the sexes can have major population dynamic effects and can change the outcome of evolution on sex-related characters.
仅考虑单一性别的有性繁殖种群模型无法捕捉特定性别人口统计学差异和配偶可获得性的影响。我们提出了一种用于两性人口模型的新框架，该框架实现并扩展了波拉克的出生矩阵交配规则方法。该模型是一个连续时间矩阵模型，明确包括交配过程（非线性但均匀）、后代生产以及人口转变和生存。所得的非线性模型收敛于具有平衡种群组成的指数增长。该模型可以纳入年龄或阶段结构的生活史以及灵活的交配函数。作为一个例子，我们应用该模型来分析交配策略（一夫多妻制或一夫一妻制，以及由不同持续时间的雄性和雌性组成的配对组合）对性别偏向捕捞反应的影响。人口统计学复杂性与性别相互作用的结合可能产生重大的种群动态效应，并可能改变与性别相关特征的进化结果。
