Burlacu G, Iliescu M, Cărămidă P
Arch Tierernahr. 1986 Sep;36(9):803-25. doi: 10.1080/17450398609434348.
The efficiency of utilization of feed energy as digestible, metabolizable and net energy is similar in pregnant and lactating sows irrespective of the stage of these physiological conditions. This efficiency with the value of about 71% resembles the one found in the growing and fattening pigs, which enables us to use, for this category of animals, the same system offered evaluation and of the energy requirements based on fat nutritive units. The maintenance energy requirement expressed in ME varies from 467 kJ/kg 0.75 in pregnant sows to 512 kJ/kg 0.75 in lactating sows, for the suckling piglets having intermediary value of 498 kJ/kg 0.75. The efficiency of utilization of diets protein for maintenance and for synthesis is also similar for these categories of pigs, varying from 71% in lactating sows to 75-76% in pregnant sows. In suckling piglets we had recorded an efficiency of DCP utilization which varies parabolically with size of the ingesta and therefore with that of weight gain. The DCP maintenance requirement expressed in g N dig./kg 0.75 varies within narrow limits between 0.345 g N in suckling piglets 0.380 g N in pregnant sows; In lactating sows we have detected an intermediary value of 0.355 g N. Based on these experimental data and also using recent experimental results obtained by Schiemann and Beyer (1984) regarding the energy and N content of the foetuses, of the organs of reproductions and of milk, we could calculate the energy and protein requirements. These requirements when compared with the values used in our country show us higher values of energy in pregnant and lactating sows and lower values of protein for the same categories, including the piglets, where we have also found lower values for the energy too.
无论处于怀孕和泌乳的哪个生理阶段，妊娠母猪和哺乳母猪对饲料能量的消化能、代谢能和净能利用效率相似。这种效率约为71%，与生长育肥猪的效率相近，这使得我们能够对这类动物采用基于脂肪营养单位的相同能量评估和需求系统。以代谢能表示的维持能量需求，妊娠母猪为467 kJ/kg0.75，哺乳母猪为512 kJ/kg0.75，哺乳仔猪的中间值为498 kJ/kg0.75。这些类别猪对日粮蛋白质用于维持和合成的利用效率也相似，从哺乳母猪的71%到妊娠母猪的75 - 76%不等。在哺乳仔猪中，我们记录到可消化粗蛋白（DCP）的利用效率随食入量大小呈抛物线变化，因此也随体重增加而变化。以g N dig./kg0.75表示的DCP维持需求在较窄范围内变化，哺乳仔猪为0.345 g N，妊娠母猪为0.380 g N；在哺乳母猪中，我们检测到中间值为0.355 g N。基于这些实验数据，并利用Schiemann和Beyer（1984）最近获得的关于胎儿、生殖器官和乳汁的能量和氮含量的实验结果，我们可以计算出能量和蛋白质需求。将这些需求与我国使用的值相比，我们发现妊娠和哺乳母猪的能量值较高，而同一类别的蛋白质值较低，包括仔猪，我们在仔猪中也发现能量值较低。
