Department of Applied Mechanics & Hydraulics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Apr 16;191(5):283. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7440-1.
In most of the developing countries, man-made developments in the environment have led to the growing demand to contextualize the land use land cover (LULC) changes and land surface temperature (LST) variations. Due to the modification in the surface properties of the cities, a difference in energy balance between the cities and its nonurban surroundings is observed. The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial and temporal patterns of LULC and LST and its interrelationship in Bengaluru urban district, India, during the period from 1989 to 2017 using remote sensing data. Intensity analysis was performed for the interval to analyze the LULC change and identify the driving forces. The impact of LULC change on LST was assessed using hot spot analysis (Getis-Ord Gi* statistics). The results of this study show that (a) dominant LULC change experienced is the increase in urban area (approximately 40%) and the rate of land use change was faster in the time period 1989-2001 than 2001-2017; (b) the major transition witnessed is from barren and agricultural land to urban; (c) over the period of 28 years, LST patterns for different land use classes exhibit an increasing trend with an overall increase of approximately 6 °C and the mean LST of urban area increased by about 8 °C; (d) LST pattern change can be effectively analyzed using hot spot analysis; and (e) as the urban expansion occurs, the cold spots have increased, and it is mainly clustered in the urban area. It confirms the presence of an urban cool island effect in Bengaluru urban district. The findings of this work can be used as a scientific basis for the sustainable development and land use planning of the region in the future.
在大多数发展中国家，人为的环境发展导致对土地利用/土地覆盖变化和地表温度变化进行语境化的需求不断增长。由于城市表面特性的改变，城市与其非城市环境之间的能量平衡存在差异。本研究旨在利用遥感数据分析印度班加罗尔市区 1989 年至 2017 年期间土地利用/土地覆盖和地表温度的时空格局及其相互关系。在间隔时间内进行强度分析，以分析土地利用/土地覆盖变化并确定驱动因素。利用热点分析（Getis-Ord Gi* 统计）评估土地利用/土地覆盖变化对地表温度的影响。本研究结果表明：(a) 经历的主要土地利用/土地覆盖变化是城市面积的增加（约 40%），1989-2001 年期间的土地利用变化速度比 2001-2017 年更快；(b) 主要的转变是从荒地和农业用地到城市；(c) 在 28 年期间，不同土地利用类型的地表温度模式呈上升趋势，总体上升约 6°C，城市地区的平均地表温度上升了约 8°C；(d) 热点分析可有效分析地表温度模式变化；(e) 随着城市扩张，冷点增加，主要集中在城市地区。这证实了班加罗尔市区存在城市冷岛效应。这项工作的发现可以作为该地区未来可持续发展和土地利用规划的科学依据。
