School of Social Welfare, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Disabil Rehabil. 2020 Nov;42(23):3339-3347. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1593521. Epub 2019 Apr 21.
Nearly all advanced economic countries have adopted employment integration policies to improve the labor market outcomes of workers with disabilities and to reduce enrollment on disability benefits. To date, research has yet to investigate whether the adoption of integration policies is associated with a reduced likelihood of an older working age adult receiving disability benefits. This study, drawing on data of older working-age adults from the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, and the Health and Retirement Study, applies multilevel logistic regression to investigate the relationship between country-level integration policies and the likelihood of disability benefit receipt in 16 OECD countries. No clear association was identified between the adoption of major integration policies (comprehensiveness of vocational rehabilitation systems, employer obligation policies, work-incentive rules, benefit suspension options, and early intervention efforts) and an individual's likelihood of receiving disability benefits. The minimum level of disability required to receive benefits was, however, identified as a significant country-level factor. The findings of this study may prove useful for policy makers who must weigh the costs and benefits of expanding integration measures targeted at those nearing the state pension age.Implications for RehabilitationMany countries have adopted integration policies to improve employment outcomes of adults with work-disabilities.No clear association is identified between the adoption of integration policies and a reduced likelihood of receiving disability benefits among older adults in 16 countries.The strictness of the definition of disability used to determine eligibility is identified as a significant country-level predictor.Policy makers should carefully weigh the costs and benefits of expanding integration measures targeted at those nearing the state pension age.
几乎所有发达经济体都采取了就业融合政策，以改善残疾工人的劳动力市场结果，并减少残疾福利的申领人数。迄今为止，研究尚未调查采用融合政策是否与降低老年劳动年龄成年人申领残疾福利的可能性有关。本研究利用欧洲老龄化与退休调查、英国老龄化纵向研究和健康与退休研究中老年人的工作年龄数据，应用多层次逻辑回归调查了 16 个经合组织国家的国家一级融合政策与残疾福利申领可能性之间的关系。主要融合政策（职业康复系统的全面性、雇主义务政策、工作激励规则、福利暂停选择和早期干预措施）的采用与个人申领残疾福利的可能性之间没有明确的关联。然而，获得福利所需的最低残疾程度被确定为一个重要的国家一级因素。本研究的结果可能对政策制定者有用，政策制定者必须权衡扩大针对接近国家养老金年龄的人的融合措施的成本和收益。
康复意义
许多国家都采取了融合政策，以改善有工作障碍的成年人的就业结果。
在 16 个国家中，没有明确确定采用融合政策与降低老年成年人申领残疾福利的可能性之间的关联。
用于确定资格的残疾定义的严格程度被确定为一个重要的国家一级预测因素。
政策制定者应仔细权衡扩大针对接近国家养老金年龄的人的融合措施的成本和收益。
