利马豆（菜豆属植物）可降低富含饱和脂肪饮食喂养的仓鼠的非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，并作用于胆固醇稳态相关基因。

Pinto Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Lower Non-HDL Cholesterol in Hamsters Fed a Diet Rich in Saturated Fat and Act on Genes Involved in Cholesterol Homeostasis.

机构信息

Department of Food Science and Technology.

Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Dalat University, Dalat, Vietnam.

出版信息

J Nutr. 2019 Jun 1;149(6):996-1003. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz044.

DOI:10.1093/jn/nxz044

PMID:31006805

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Pinto beans contain multiple active agents such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins, and have been shown to lower cholesterol, but the mechanisms involved in this effect have not been explored.

OBJECTIVE

This study was to investigate the changes in cholesterol metabolism in response to whole pinto beans (wPB) and their hulls (hPB) supplemented into a diet rich in saturated fat and the molecular mechanisms potentially responsible for these effects in hamsters.

METHODS

Forty-four 9-wk-old male Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned to 4 diet groups (n = 11), including a 5% (wt:wt) fat diet [normal-fat diet (NF)], a 15% (wt:wt) fat diet [diet rich in saturated fat (HSF), saturated fatty acids accounted for 70% of total fatty acids], or HSF supplemented with 5% (wt:wt) wPB or 0.5% (wt:wt) hPB for 4 wk. Plasma, liver, intestinal, and fecal samples were collected to evaluate multiple cholesterol markers and gene targets.

RESULTS

The plasma non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) concentration was significantly reduced in the wPB- and hPB-supplemented groups by 31.9 ± 3.5% and 53.6 ± 3.2%, respectively, compared with the HSF group (P < 0.01), to concentrations comparable with the NF group. The wPB-supplemented hamsters had significantly lower liver cholesterol (45.1%, P < 0.001) and higher fecal cholesterol concentrations (94.8%, P = 0.001) than those fed the HSF. The expressions of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (Hmgcr) and small intestinal acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (Acat2) were significantly decreased in animals administered wPB (by 89.1% and 63.8%, respectively) and hPB (by 72.9% and 47.7%, respectively) compared with their HSF-fed counterparts (P < 0.05). The wPB normalized the expression of Acat2 to the level of the NF group.

CONCLUSION

Pinto beans remediated high cholesterol induced by HSF in male hamsters by decreasing hepatic cholesterol synthesis and intestinal cholesterol absorption, effects which were partially exerted by the hulls.

摘要

背景

青豆含有多种活性物质，如多酚、类黄酮和皂苷，已被证明可以降低胆固醇，但这种作用的机制尚未得到探索。

目的

本研究旨在探讨全青豆（wPB）及其种皮（hPB）补充到富含饱和脂肪的饮食中对胆固醇代谢的变化，以及潜在的分子机制在仓鼠中的这些影响。

方法

44 只 9 周龄雄性金叙利亚仓鼠随机分为 4 个饮食组（n = 11），包括 5%（wt：wt）脂肪饮食[正常脂肪饮食（NF）]、15%（wt：wt）脂肪饮食[富含饱和脂肪饮食（HSF），饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的 70%]或 HSF 补充 5%（wt：wt）wPB 或 0.5%（wt：wt）hPB 4 周。收集血浆、肝脏、肠道和粪便样本，以评估多种胆固醇标志物和基因靶标。

结果

与 HSF 组相比，wPB 和 hPB 补充组的血浆非高密度脂蛋白（non-HDL）浓度分别降低了 31.9±3.5%和 53.6±3.2%（P<0.01），降至与 NF 组相当的水平。补充 wPB 的仓鼠肝脏胆固醇含量显著降低（45.1%，P<0.001），粪便胆固醇浓度显著升高（94.8%，P=0.001）。与 HSF 喂养的动物相比，给予 wPB 和 hPB 的动物肝脏 3-羟-3-甲基戊二酰基辅酶 A 还原酶（Hmgcr）和小肠酰基辅酶 A：胆固醇酰基转移酶 2（Acat2）的表达分别显著降低（分别降低 89.1%和 63.8%）和（分别降低 72.9%和 47.7%）（P<0.05）。wPB 使 Acat2 的表达恢复到 NF 组的水平。