Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden.
Food Industries Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
Nutrients. 2022 Feb 22;14(5):937. doi: 10.3390/nu14050937.
The health benefits of bean consumption are widely recognized and are largely attributed to the dietary fiber content. This study investigated and compared the effects of whole brown beans and an isolated bean dietary fiber fraction on the plasma lipid profile, atherosclerotic plaque amount, gut microbiota, and microbiota-dependent metabolites (cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and plasma methylamines) in mice fed high fat diets for 10.5 weeks. The results showed that both whole bean and the isolated fiber fraction had a tendency to lower atherosclerotic plaque amount, but not plasma lipid concentration. The whole bean diet led to a significantly higher diversity of gut microbiota compared with the high fat diet. Both bean diets resulted in a lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, higher relative abundance of unclassified , , , and unclassified , and lower abundance of . Both bean diets resulted in higher formation of all cecal SCFAs (higher proportion of propionic acid and lower proportion of acetic acid) and higher plasma trimethylamine -oxide concentrations compared with the high fat diet. Whole beans and the isolated fiber fraction exerted similar positive effects on atherosclerotic plaque amount, gut microbiota, and cecal SCFAs in mice compared with the control diets.
食用豆类对健康的益处已得到广泛认可，这主要归因于膳食纤维的含量。本研究通过 10.5 周高脂饮食喂养的小鼠模型，研究并比较了全黑 beans 和分离的豆类膳食纤维部分对血浆脂质谱、动脉粥样硬化斑块数量、肠道微生物群以及依赖微生物群的代谢物（盲肠短链脂肪酸 (SCFAs) 和血浆甲基胺）的影响。结果表明，全豆和分离的纤维部分均有降低动脉粥样硬化斑块数量的趋势，但对血浆脂质浓度没有影响。与高脂肪饮食相比，全豆饮食导致肠道微生物群的多样性显著增加。两种豆类饮食都导致厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值降低，未分类的、、、和未分类的相对丰度增加，而减少了的丰度。两种豆类饮食都导致盲肠中所有 SCFA 的形成增加（丙酸比例增加，乙酸比例降低），与高脂肪饮食相比，血浆三甲胺氧化物浓度升高。与对照饮食相比，全豆和分离的纤维部分对小鼠的动脉粥样硬化斑块数量、肠道微生物群和盲肠 SCFA 具有相似的积极影响。
