Hall Ingrid J, Soman Ashwini, Smith Judith Lee, White Arica, Crawford Anatasha
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States of America.
Research fellow, Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education (ORISE), Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States of America.
Prev Med Rep. 2019 Mar 22;14:100845. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100845. eCollection 2019 Jun.
Many overweight women or women with obesity do not acknowledge their high weight status and may be unaware of their elevated cancer risk. We explored the relationship between weight status and women's perceived risk of colorectal (CRC) and breast cancers, overall and by race/ethnicity, in a nationally representative sample. Data was combined from NHIS 2005, 2010, and 2015 sample adult questionnaires and cancer control supplements. The analytic sample included females aged 18 years and over without reported history of cancer diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed and adjusted estimates for perceived risk of CRC and breast cancers were examined, stratified by body mass index and race/ethnicity. Data were reported using predicted marginal risk ratio (PMR). Colorectal cancer risk perception remained lowest among Non-Hispanic (NH) Black women regardless of weight status (PMR = 0.53 obesity, 0.65 overweight, 0.55 normal) compared to NH White women after adjustment for all covariates. Hispanic women who were overweight or had obesity also saw themselves at lower risk of CRC compared to NH White women, however these findings were statistically insignificant. Breast cancer risk perception also remained low for NH Blacks and Hispanics at any weight compared with NH Whites. Greater effort is needed to develop, disseminate, and widely adopt or institutionalize multilevel weight management interventions and programs. These programs increase awareness of excess weight as a risk factor for cancer and empower women in diverse communities to achieve and maintain a healthy weight by adopting healthy behaviors related to nutrition and physical activity.
许多超重或肥胖的女性并未意识到自己的高体重状态，可能也不清楚自己患癌风险的升高。我们在一个具有全国代表性的样本中，探讨了体重状态与女性对结直肠癌（CRC）和乳腺癌的感知风险之间的关系，总体情况以及按种族/族裔划分的情况。数据来自2005年、2010年和2015年的美国国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）样本成年问卷及癌症控制补充问卷。分析样本包括18岁及以上且无癌症诊断史报告的女性。进行了多变量逻辑回归分析，并按体重指数和种族/族裔分层，检查了对CRC和乳腺癌感知风险的调整估计值。数据使用预测边际风险比（PMR）报告。在调整所有协变量后，无论体重状态如何，非西班牙裔（NH）黑人女性对结直肠癌风险的感知始终最低（肥胖者的PMR = 0.53，超重者为0.65，正常体重者为0.55），与NH白人女性相比。超重或肥胖的西班牙裔女性也认为自己患CRC的风险低于NH白人女性，然而这些结果在统计学上并不显著。与NH白人相比，任何体重的NH黑人和西班牙裔女性对乳腺癌风险的感知也较低。需要做出更大努力来开发、传播并广泛采用或制度化多层次体重管理干预措施和项目。这些项目提高了人们对超重作为癌症风险因素的认识，并使不同社区的女性能够通过采取与营养和身体活动相关的健康行为来实现并维持健康体重。
