运动中前交叉韧带损伤的风险：基于性别和运动分类的损伤发生率的系统评价和荟萃分析。
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk in Sport: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Injury Incidence by Sex and Sport Classification.
机构信息
Department of Athletic Training, Florida International University, Miami.
Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH.
出版信息
J Athl Train. 2019 May;54(5):472-482. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-407-16. Epub 2019 Apr 22.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate sex differences in incidence rates (IRs) of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury by sport type (collision, contact, limited contact, and noncontact).
DATA SOURCES
A systematic review was performed using the electronic databases PubMed (1969-January 20, 2017) and EBSCOhost (CINAHL, SPORTDiscus; 1969-January 20, 2017) and the search terms AND AND ( OR OR ).
STUDY SELECTION
Studies were included if they provided the number of ACL injuries and the number of athlete-exposures (AEs) by sex or enough information to allow the number of ACL injuries by sex to be calculated. Studies were excluded if they were analyses of previously reported data or were not written in English.
DATA EXTRACTION
Data on sport classification, number of ACL injuries by sex, person-time in AEs for each sex, year of publication, sport, sport type, and level of play were extracted for analysis.
DATA SYNTHESIS
We conducted IR and IR ratio (IRR) meta-analyses, weighted for study size and calculated. Female and male athletes had similar ACL injury IRs for the following sport types: collision (2.10/10 000 versus 1.12/10 000 AEs, IRR = 1.14, = .63), limited contact (0.71/10 000 versus 0.29/10 000 AEs, IRR = 1.21, = .77), and noncontact (0.36/10 000 versus 0.21/10 000 AEs, IRR = 1.49, = .22) sports. For contact sports, female athletes had a greater risk of injury than male athletes did (1.88/10 000 versus 0.87/10 000 AEs, IRR = 3.00, < .001). Gymnastics and obstacle-course races were outliers with respect to IR, so we created a sport category of fixed-object, high-impact rotational landing (HIRL). For this sport type, female athletes had a greater risk of ACL injury than male athletes did (4.80/10 000 versus 1.75/10 000 AEs, IRR = 5.51, < .001), and the overall IRs of ACL injury were greater than all IRs in all other sport categories.
CONCLUSIONS
Fixed-object HIRL sports had the highest IRs of ACL injury for both sexes. Female athletes were at greater risk of ACL injury than male athletes in contact and fixed-object HIRL sports.
目的
评估前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤的发病率（IR）在运动类型（碰撞、接触、有限接触和非接触）上的性别差异。
资料来源
通过电子数据库 PubMed（1969 年 1 月 20 日）和 EBSCOhost（CINAHL、SPORTDiscus；1969 年 1 月 20 日）进行了系统评价，并使用了检索词 AND AND （或 或 ）。
研究选择
如果研究提供了 ACL 损伤的数量和按性别或足够的信息计算 ACL 损伤数量的运动员暴露（AE）数量，则将其纳入研究。如果研究是对先前报告的数据的分析，或者不是用英文写的，则将其排除在外。
数据提取
提取了运动分类、按性别分列的 ACL 损伤数量、男女运动员每 AE 的人时、出版年份、运动、运动类型和比赛级别等数据进行分析。
数据分析
我们进行了发病率和发病率比（IRR）的荟萃分析，加权于研究规模，并进行了计算。对于以下运动类型，女性和男性运动员的 ACL 损伤发病率相似：碰撞（2.10/10000 与 1.12/10000 AE，IRR=1.14， =.63）、有限接触（0.71/10000 与 0.29/10000 AE，IRR=1.21， =.77）和非接触（0.36/10000 与 0.21/10000 AE，IRR=1.49， =.22）运动。对于接触性运动，女性运动员受伤的风险高于男性运动员（1.88/10000 与 0.87/10000 AE，IRR=3.00， <.001）。体操和障碍赛是发病率的异常值，因此我们创建了一个固定物体、高冲击旋转着陆（HIRL）的运动类别。对于这种运动类型，女性运动员 ACL 受伤的风险高于男性运动员（4.80/10000 与 1.75/10000 AE，IRR=5.51， <.001），并且 ACL 损伤的总体发病率高于所有其他运动类别的发病率。
结论
固定物体 HIRL 运动对男女的 ACL 损伤发病率最高。在接触性和固定物体 HIRL 运动中，女性运动员 ACL 受伤的风险高于男性运动员。
Zotero 插件