Division of Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
BMJ. 2012 May 3;344:e3042. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e3042.
To evaluate the effectiveness of neuromuscular training in reducing the rate of acute knee injury in adolescent female football players.
Stratified cluster randomised controlled trial with clubs as the unit of randomisation.
230 Swedish football clubs (121 in the intervention group, 109 in the control group) were followed for one season (2009, seven months).
4564 players aged 12-17 years (2479 in the intervention group, 2085 in the control group) completed the study.
15 minute neuromuscular warm-up programme (targeting core stability, balance, and proper knee alignment) to be carried out twice a week throughout the season.
The primary outcome was rate of anterior cruciate ligament injury; secondary outcomes were rates of severe knee injury (>4 weeks' absence) and any acute knee injury.
Seven players (0.28%) in the intervention group, and 14 (0.67%) in the control group had an anterior cruciate ligament injury. By Cox regression analysis according to intention to treat, a 64% reduction in the rate of anterior cruciate ligament injury was seen in the intervention group (rate ratio 0.36, 95% confidence interval 0.15 to 0.85). The absolute rate difference was -0.07 (95% confidence interval -0.13 to 0.001) per 1000 playing hours in favour of the intervention group. No significant rate reductions were seen for secondary outcomes.
A neuromuscular warm-up programme significantly reduced the rate of anterior cruciate ligament injury in adolescent female football players. However, the absolute rate difference did not reach statistical significance, possibly owing to the small number of events.
Clinical trials NCT00894595.
评估神经肌肉训练对减少青少年女性足球运动员急性膝伤发生率的效果。
分层集群随机对照试验，以俱乐部为随机分组单位。
230 家瑞典足球俱乐部（干预组 121 家，对照组 109 家）在一个赛季（2009 年，7 个月）内进行随访。
4564 名年龄在 12-17 岁的球员（干预组 2479 名，对照组 2085 名）完成了研究。
每周两次进行 15 分钟的神经肌肉热身计划（针对核心稳定性、平衡和适当的膝盖对齐），贯穿整个赛季。
主要结局是前交叉韧带损伤的发生率；次要结局是严重膝伤（>4 周缺勤）和任何急性膝伤的发生率。
干预组有 7 名（0.28%）球员，对照组有 14 名（0.67%）球员发生前交叉韧带损伤。根据意向治疗的 Cox 回归分析，干预组前交叉韧带损伤的发生率降低了 64%（发生率比 0.36，95%置信区间 0.15 至 0.85）。干预组每 1000 个比赛小时的绝对差异为-0.07（95%置信区间-0.13 至 0.001）。次要结局未见显著的发生率降低。
神经肌肉热身计划显著降低了青少年女性足球运动员前交叉韧带损伤的发生率。然而，由于事件数量较少，绝对差异未达到统计学意义。
NCT00894595。
