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用于为无线传感器网络供电的小面积射频能量收集集成电路。

Small-Area Radiofrequency-Energy-Harvesting Integrated Circuits for Powering Wireless Sensor Networks.

作者信息

Sung Guo-Ming, Chung Chao-Kong, Lai Yu-Jen, Syu Jin-Yu

机构信息

Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.

Research and Development Centre for Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2019 Apr 12;19(8):1754. doi: 10.3390/s19081754.

DOI:10.3390/s19081754
PMID:31013757
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6515321/
Abstract

This study presents a radiofrequency (RF)-energy-harvesting integrated circuit (IC) for powering wireless sensor networks with a wireless transmitter with an industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) of 915 MHz. The proposed IC comprises an RF-direct current (DC) rectifier, an over-voltage protection circuit, a low-power low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulator, and a charger control circuit. In the RF-DC rectifier circuit, a six-stage Dickson voltage multiplier circuit is used to improve the received RF signal to a DC voltage by using native MOS with a small threshold voltage. The over-voltage protection circuit is used to prevent a high-voltage breakdown phenomenon from the RF front-end circuit, particularly for near-field communication. A low-power LDO regulator is designed to provide stable voltage by using zero frequency compensation and a voltage-trimming feedback. Charging current is amplified N times by using a current mirror to rapidly and stably charge a battery in the proposed charger control circuit. The obtained results revealed that the maximum power conversion efficiency of the proposed RF-energy-harvesting IC was 40.56% at an input power of -6 dBm, an output voltage of 1.5 V, and a load of 30 kΩ. A chip area of the RF-energy-harvesting IC was 0.58 × 0.49 mm, including input/output pads, and power consumption was 42 μW.

摘要

本研究提出了一种用于为无线传感器网络供电的射频（RF）能量收集集成电路（IC），该无线传感器网络配备了一个工作在915MHz工业、科学和医疗（ISM）频段的无线发射器。所提出的集成电路包括一个射频-直流（DC）整流器、一个过电压保护电路、一个低功耗低压差（LDO）稳压器和一个充电器控制电路。在射频-直流整流器电路中，采用六级迪克森电压倍增电路，通过使用具有小阈值电压的本征MOS将接收到的射频信号提升为直流电压。过电压保护电路用于防止射频前端电路出现高压击穿现象，特别是对于近场通信。设计了一个低功耗LDO稳压器，通过使用零频率补偿和电压微调反馈来提供稳定的电压。在所提出的充电器控制电路中，通过使用电流镜将充电电流放大N倍，以快速稳定地为电池充电。所得结果表明，所提出的射频能量收集集成电路在输入功率为-6dBm、输出电压为1.5V、负载为30kΩ时的最大功率转换效率为40.56%。该射频能量收集集成电路的芯片面积为0.58×0.49mm，包括输入/输出焊盘，功耗为42μW。

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