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乌拉圭用于控制挤奶母牛中血蝇(Haematobia irritans)的步入式捕蝇器的效率。

Efficiency of a walk-through fly trap for Haematobia irritans control in milking cows in Uruguay.

作者信息

Miraballes Cecilia, Buscio Diego, Diaz André, Sanchez Javier, Riet-Correa Franklin, Saravia Anderson, Castro-Janer Eleonor

机构信息

National Institute of Agriculture Research (INIA), Colonia del Sacramento, Casilla de Correo 39173, Colonia CP 70.000, Uruguay.

Veterinary Faculty, Republic University, Alberto Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo CP 11600, Uruguay.

出版信息

Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2017 Dec;10:126-131. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 4.

DOI:10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.10.002
PMID:31014583
Abstract

Haematobia irritans (horn fly) is a bloodsucking insect that affects grazing cattle. Since this fly's introduction into Uruguay in 1992, pest management practices used to control the insect have been exclusively based on the use of insecticides, which has caused synthetic pyrethroid resistance. The use of insecticides is a major constraint to livestock production due to food safety and environmental concerns. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a walk-through fly trap for horn fly control. The field trail was conducted in 18 trail evaluations dates from 2015 to 2016 in Holstein-Frisian lactating cows on two dairy farms in southern Uruguay. The traps were placed at the exit of the milking parlor. Two digital cameras were used to record video at the entrances and exits of the traps. On each of the 18 trail evaluation, between 30 and 158 cows were randomly selected for fly counting according to video records. On Farm 1, a total of 718 cows were assessed. The median number of flies per cow at the entrance of the traps was 22 (ranging from 1 to 199), while the median number at the exit was three flies per cow (ranging from 0 to 22). The median efficiency of the trap was 88%. Farm 2 had 345 observations, and the median fly count at the entrance of the traps was of 22 flies per cow (ranging from 1 to 129) and four flies at the exit (ranging from 0 to 35) with a median efficiency of 82%. It was observed that the effectiveness of the fly traps varied depending on the number of flies at entry, the season of the year and the farm site. In conclusion, fly traps could be used for the control of H. irritans in milking cows without the use of insecticides.

摘要

血蝇(角蝇)是一种吸食血液的昆虫,会对放牧的牛群造成影响。自1992年这种苍蝇被引入乌拉圭以来,用于控制该昆虫的害虫管理措施一直完全基于使用杀虫剂,这已导致对合成拟除虫菊酯产生抗性。由于食品安全和环境问题,使用杀虫剂是牲畜生产的一个主要制约因素。本研究评估了一种通过式捕蝇器控制角蝇的有效性。田间试验于2015年至2016年在乌拉圭南部两个奶牛场的荷斯坦-弗里生泌乳奶牛上进行了18次试验评估。捕蝇器放置在挤奶厅出口处。使用两台数码相机在捕蝇器的入口和出口处录制视频。在18次试验评估中的每次评估中,根据视频记录随机选择30至158头奶牛进行苍蝇计数。在农场1,共评估了718头奶牛。捕蝇器入口处每头奶牛的苍蝇中位数为22只(范围为1至199只),而出口处每头奶牛的中位数为3只苍蝇(范围为0至22只)。捕蝇器的中位数效率为88%。农场2有345次观察记录,捕蝇器入口处每头奶牛的苍蝇计数中位数为22只(范围为1至129只),出口处为4只(范围为0至35只),中位数效率为82%。观察到捕蝇器的有效性因入口处苍蝇数量、一年中的季节和农场地点而异。总之,捕蝇器可用于在不使用杀虫剂的情况下控制挤奶奶牛中的血蝇。

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