Sumbria Deepak, Singla L D, Sharma Amrita, Bal M S, Randhawa C S
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, India.
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, India.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2017 May;8:43-50. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.01.009. Epub 2017 Feb 6.
Equine piroplasmosis caused by Theileria equi, an apicomplexan intracellular haemoprotozoan parasite effects equids throughout the world. Current investigation is the first detailed epidemiological survey report based on conventional (blood smear) and primary polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of T. equi on 464 equids (426 horses and 38 donkeys/mules) in Punjab province of India. PCR targeting 18S rRNA gene of T. equi produced high fidelity 709bp amplification products with 100% concordance with blood films. The prevalence of infection was proportional (P≤0.01) to temperature and aridness of the regions, which turned out to be the most important physical factor pertaining to T. equi infection. Spatial distribution analysis revealed an increasing trend of disease prevalence from north-eastern to south-western region of Punjab by both the techniques. Haemato-biochemical analysis revealed significant decrease in total erythrocyte count and haemoglobin; and increase in mean corpuscular haemoglobin, serum globulin, glucose, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase and bilirubin levels (P≤0.05). This study divulges the endemicity of equine theileriosis in Punjab with the prominence of various odds of infection, emphasising the pathophysiological manifestation associated with latent infection of T. equi detectable by PCR.
由马泰勒虫（Theileria equi）引起的马焦虫病是一种顶复门细胞内血原虫寄生虫病，影响着世界各地的马属动物。目前的调查是基于传统方法（血涂片）和一级聚合酶链反应（PCR）对印度旁遮普邦464匹马属动物（426匹马和38头驴/骡）进行马泰勒虫检测的第一份详细流行病学调查报告。针对马泰勒虫18S rRNA基因的PCR产生了高保真的709bp扩增产物，与血涂片的检测结果100%一致。感染率与地区的温度和干旱程度成正比（P≤0.01），这是与马泰勒虫感染相关的最重要物理因素。空间分布分析显示，两种技术均表明旁遮普邦从东北到西南地区疾病患病率呈上升趋势。血液生化分析显示，总红细胞计数和血红蛋白显著降低；平均红细胞血红蛋白、血清球蛋白、葡萄糖、肌酐、天冬氨酸转氨酶和胆红素水平升高（P≤0.05）。本研究揭示了旁遮普邦马泰勒虫病的地方性流行情况以及各种感染几率的突出情况，强调了与通过PCR可检测到的马泰勒虫潜伏感染相关的病理生理表现。
