Kuznetsov Dmitry, Romashova Natalya, Romashov Boris
Center of Parasitology of A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Mytnaya, 28, build. 1, Moscow 119049, Russia.
Voronezh State Natural Biosphere Reserve, Voronezh 394080, Russia.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2018 Dec;14:200-203. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.11.003. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
Ashworthius sidemi is a blood-sucking nematode, which has spread out among wild ruminants in several European countries during last decades. The nematode has recently been detected in cattle as well. The distribution of A. sidemi in Russia has not been sufficiently clarified yet. In European part of Russia A. sidemi was formerly registered in sika deer (Cervus nippon) and maral (Cervus elaphus sibiricus) introduced from Asia, and also in aboriginal elks (Alces alces). Taking into consideration the presence of other species of ruminants susceptible to A. sidemi in European Russia, it is necessary to control the spread of this parasite. The specimens of males and females of A. sidemi were found during the autopsies of three naturally infected roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from Voronezh and Tver regions (European Russia). The species affiliation of the discovered nematodes was determined according to morphological features and confirmed using molecular techniques. The intensity of infection with A. sidemi in two roe deer from Voronezh was 11 and 63 nematodes, and it was 17 nematodes in roe deer from Tver. All of the discovered specimens of A. sidemi were referred to juvenile forms based on features of male bursa morphology and weak development of female reproductive system. In Russia, A. sidemi has not previously been detected in C. capreolus and the present report constitutes the first record of the parasite occurrence in this species of ruminant.
西德梅氏艾氏线虫是一种吸血线虫，在过去几十年间已在几个欧洲国家的野生反刍动物中传播。最近在牛身上也检测到了这种线虫。西德梅氏艾氏线虫在俄罗斯的分布情况尚未得到充分阐明。在俄罗斯欧洲部分，西德梅氏艾氏线虫先前已在从亚洲引进的梅花鹿（日本鹿）和马鹿（西伯利亚马鹿）以及本地驼鹿（驼鹿）中被记录到。考虑到俄罗斯欧洲部分存在其他易感染西德梅氏艾氏线虫的反刍动物物种，有必要控制这种寄生虫的传播。在对来自沃罗涅日和特维尔地区（俄罗斯欧洲部分）的三只自然感染的狍（狍属）进行解剖时发现了西德梅氏艾氏线虫的雄性和雌性标本。根据形态特征确定了所发现线虫的物种归属，并使用分子技术进行了确认。来自沃罗涅日的两只狍感染西德梅氏艾氏线虫的强度分别为11条和63条线虫，来自特维尔的狍感染强度为17条线虫。根据雄虫交合伞形态特征和雌虫生殖系统发育较弱的情况，所有发现的西德梅氏艾氏线虫标本均被归为幼虫形态。在俄罗斯，此前尚未在狍中检测到西德梅氏艾氏线虫，本报告构成了该寄生虫在这种反刍动物物种中出现的首次记录。
