中国不同地区城市污水处理厂中孕激素的出现和去除。
Occurrence and removal of progestagens in municipal wastewater treatment plants from different regions in China.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jun 10;668:1191-1199. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.327. Epub 2019 Feb 21.
Progestagens discharged from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have increasingly gained attention due to their potential risks to the aquatic organisms. However, limited information is available on the occurrence and removal of various progestagens in WWTPs in different cities of China. This work investigated the occurrence and removal of 11 progestagens in 21 WWTPs from 19 Chinese cities. Results showed that progestagens are widely distributed in the investigated WWTPs, with higher influent concentrations of total progestagens in northern WWTPs. The concentration of progestagens in WWTP influent were closely correlated with influent quality, service population and daily service volume of the WWTPs. Additionally, progesterone (PGT) and dydrogesterone (DDT) were two predominant progestagens in influent, effluent and excess sludge. Up to 5 of 11 progestagens showed high aqueous removal efficiencies (median removal efficiency >90%), whereas megestrol acetate (MTA), chlormadinone acetate (CMA), drospirenone (DSP) and levonorgestrel (LNG) had a removal efficiency of below 50%. Specially, the behaviors of progestagens along the anaerobic-anoxic-oxic of a WWTP were further explored and the aerobic tank is the main contributor to the removal of progestagens. Finally, in the effluent of these 21 WWTPs, daily mass loadings of the total progestagens ranged from 0.51 to 10.4 g d. Notably, LNG exhibited high potential risk to the fish base on risk quotient.
孕激素从城市污水处理厂（WWTP）中排放出来，由于其对水生生物的潜在风险，而越来越受到关注。然而，关于中国不同城市 WWTP 中各种孕激素的出现和去除，信息有限。本研究调查了 19 个中国城市的 21 个 WWTP 中 11 种孕激素的出现和去除情况。结果表明，孕激素在被调查的 WWTP 中广泛分布，北方 WWTP 的总孕激素进水浓度较高。WWTP 进水孕激素浓度与进水水质、服务人口和 WWTP 的日服务量密切相关。此外，孕酮（PGT）和地屈孕酮（DDT）是进水、出水和剩余污泥中两种主要的孕激素。在 11 种孕激素中，有 5 种具有较高的水相去除效率（中位数去除效率>90%），而醋酸甲地孕酮（MTA）、醋酸氯地孕酮（CMA）、屈螺酮（DSP）和左炔诺孕酮（LNG）的去除效率低于 50%。特别地，进一步探索了孕激素在 WWTP 的厌氧-缺氧-好氧过程中的行为，好氧池是去除孕激素的主要贡献者。最后，在这 21 个 WWTP 的出水中，总孕激素的日质量负荷范围为 0.51 至 10.4 g d。值得注意的是，根据风险商数，LNG 对鱼类表现出很高的潜在风险。
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