State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jun 10;668:1298-1309. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.011. Epub 2019 Mar 4.
Heavy metals (HMs) pose serious threat to both human and environmental health and therefore, effective and low-cost techniques to remove HMs are urgently required. Because HMs are difficult to be biodegraded and transformed, adsorption is a most promising treatment method in recent times. Biochar (BC), a low-cost and sustainable adsorbent material, has recently attracted much research attention due to its broad application prospects. While BC has many merits, it has a lower HMs adsorption efficiency than traditional activated carbon, limiting its practical applications. Furthermore, the HMs retained by BC are difficult to be desorbed, making the used sorbent material hazardous wastes if not well disposed of under natural conditions. Therefore, it is critical to seek effective surface modifications for BC, to improve its ability to HMs removal ability and the recyclability of BC loaded with HMs. This review represents and evaluates the reported modification methods for BC, the corresponding HMs removal mechanisms and the potential for reutilization of BC loaded with HMs. This review provides a basis for the effective practical application of BC in the treatment of HMs containing wastewater.
重金属（HMs）对人类和环境健康构成严重威胁，因此，迫切需要有效且低成本的技术来去除 HMs。由于 HMs 难以被生物降解和转化，吸附是近年来最有前途的处理方法。生物炭（BC）作为一种低成本且可持续的吸附剂材料，由于其广阔的应用前景，最近引起了广泛关注。虽然 BC 有许多优点，但它对 HMs 的吸附效率低于传统活性炭，限制了其实际应用。此外，BC 保留的 HMs 难以解吸，如果在自然条件下处理不当，用过的吸附剂材料将成为危险废物。因此，寻求有效的 BC 表面改性方法以提高其去除 HMs 的能力和负载 HMs 的 BC 的可回收性至关重要。本综述介绍并评价了报道的 BC 改性方法、相应的 HMs 去除机制以及负载 HMs 的 BC 的再利用潜力。本综述为 BC 在处理含 HMs 废水方面的有效实际应用提供了依据。
