Association between maternal education level and gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis.

The association between maternal education and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been discussed in considerable studies, yet the inconsistent findings still exist. The aim of this study is to investigate whether maternal education level is associated with GDM risk. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to October 2018. Observational studies on the association between maternal education level and GDM risk were included. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for highest versus lowest level of maternal education were estimated using a random-effects model. As compared to lowest education level, the pooled OR for women with highest education level was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.53-1.05). After adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and family history of diabetes, the estimated effect of maternal education on GDM were 0.68 (95% CI: 0.57-0.80) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.60-0.92), respectively. Our results indicate that there is no significant association between maternal education level and risk of GDM.