Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India.
National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, 411021, India.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Jul;250:567-577. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.043. Epub 2019 Apr 10.
The present study deals with the cyto-genotoxicological impact of ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, trihexyl tetradecylphosphonium dicyanamide, 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride, and 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium chloride, on animal cells and their biodegradation. The long alkyl chain containing ionic liquids were found to be more toxic whereas benzene functional group in benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride enhances its toxicity. Aerobic bacterial granules, a bacterial consortium, were developed that have promising ability to break down these organic pollutants. These aerobic bacterial granules have been applied for the biodegradation of ionic liquids. The biological oxygen demand (5 days) and chemical oxygen demand parameters confirmed that the biodegradation was solely due to aerobic bacterial granules which further decreased the time period needed for regular biodegradation by biological oxygen demand (28 days). The high resolution mass spectrometry analysis further approved that the degradation of ionic liquids was mainly via removal of the methyl group. Elevated N-demethylase enzyme activity supports the ionic liquids degradation which may be occurring through demethylation mechanism. The amplicon sequencing of aerobic bacterial granules gives insight into the involvement of the bacterial community in the biodegradation process.
本研究探讨了离子液体 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴化物、三己基十四烷基膦双氰胺、1-癸基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐、苄基二甲基十四烷基氯化铵和 1-丁基-4-甲基吡啶氯化物对动物细胞的细胞遗传毒性影响及其生物降解性。研究发现，含有长烷基链的离子液体毒性更大，而苄基二甲基十四烷基氯化铵中的苯环官能团增强了其毒性。开发出了一种好氧细菌颗粒，即细菌生物群落，具有降解这些有机污染物的巨大潜力。这些好氧细菌颗粒已应用于离子液体的生物降解。生物需氧量（5 天）和化学需氧量参数证实，生物降解仅归因于好氧细菌颗粒，这进一步缩短了生物需氧量（28 天）所需的常规生物降解时间。高分辨率质谱分析进一步证实，离子液体的降解主要是通过去除甲基基团。升高的 N-脱甲基酶酶活性支持离子液体的降解，可能通过脱甲基机制发生。好氧细菌颗粒的扩增子测序深入了解了细菌群落参与生物降解过程。
