Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2019 Aug;59:57-64. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.03.005. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
Defining the immunological goals for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination requires understanding of RSV biology and tropism, mechanisms of cell-to-cell spread and immunity, epidemiology, and transmission dynamics. The immunological goals for a particular vaccine would be product-specific based on antigen selection, delivery approach, and target population. There are many ways to achieve immunity against RSV infection involving innate and adaptive responses, humoral, and cellular effector mechanisms, and mucosal and systemic responses. Both protective and pathological immune response patterns have been demonstrated in animal models and humans. In this short commentary, the entire information matrix that may inform the design of particular vaccine candidates cannot be fully reviewed, but the rationale behind the major vaccine approaches in key target populations will be discussed.
定义呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）疫苗的免疫学目标需要了解 RSV 的生物学和嗜性、细胞间传播和免疫的机制、流行病学和传播动力学。特定疫苗的免疫学目标将根据抗原选择、传递方法和目标人群而具有产品特异性。有许多方法可以通过先天和适应性反应、体液和细胞效应机制以及黏膜和全身反应来实现对 RSV 感染的免疫。在动物模型和人类中已经证明了保护性和病理性免疫反应模式。在这篇短评中，不可能全面审查可能影响特定疫苗候选物设计的整个信息矩阵，但将讨论主要疫苗方法在关键目标人群中的基本原理。
