Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
Front Immunol. 2019 Apr 12;10:794. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00794. eCollection 2019.
The first line of defense in innate immunity is provided by cellular and humoral mediators. Pentraxins are a superfamily of phylogenetically conserved humoral mediators of innate immunity. PTX3, the first long pentraxin identified, is a soluble pattern recognition molecule rapidly produced by several cell types in response to primary pro-inflammatory signals and microbial recognition. PTX3 acts as an important mediator of innate immunity against pathogens of fungal, bacterial and viral origin, and as a regulator of inflammation, by modulating complement activation and cell extravasation, and facilitating pathogen recognition by myeloid cells. In sepsis, PTX3 plasma levels are associated with severity of the condition, patient survival, and response to therapy. In combination with other established biomarkers, PTX3 could improve stratification of sepsis patients and thus, complement the system of classification and monitoring of this disease.
先天免疫的第一道防线由细胞和体液介质提供。五聚素是先天免疫中具有系统发育保守性的体液介质超家族。PTX3 是第一个被鉴定出的长五聚素，是一种可溶性模式识别分子，可被几种细胞类型迅速产生，以响应主要的促炎信号和微生物识别。PTX3 作为先天免疫对抗真菌、细菌和病毒来源的病原体的重要介质，并作为炎症调节剂，通过调节补体激活和细胞渗出，以及促进髓样细胞对病原体的识别。在脓毒症中，PTX3 血浆水平与病情严重程度、患者生存和对治疗的反应相关。与其他已建立的生物标志物结合使用，PTX3 可以改善脓毒症患者的分层，从而补充这种疾病的分类和监测系统。
