Bäcker Henrik C, Wu Chia H, Vosseller J T, Exadaktylos Aristomenis K, Benneker Lorin, Krause Fabian, Hoppe Sven, Albers Christoph E
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Hospital Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Orthopaedic Hand, Trauma and Microvascular Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, 10032, USA.
Eur Spine J. 2020 Oct;29(10):2513-2520. doi: 10.1007/s00586-019-05983-6. Epub 2019 Apr 29.
Spinopelvic dissociation which is also called U-type or referred to H-type sacral fractures with a transverse fracture line is an infrequent injury that results mainly from high-energy accidents. This results in an osseous dissociation of the upper central segment of the sacrum and the entire spine from the lower sacral segments. The purpose was to investigate the incidence of spinopelvic fracture in general among airborne injuries.
Using our electronic patient records, we retrospectively investigated all sacral fractures related to airborne sports between 2010 and 2017. All injuries were classified according to the Roy-Camille, Denis, AOSpine and the Tile classification system.
During the period of interest, 44 patients (18.7%) were admitted with sacral fractures after accidents obtained from airborne sports, including 16 spinopelvic dissociations (36.4%). The majority of these injuries were obtained from paragliding (75.0%), followed by BASE jumping (21.4%) and parachuting (4%). The mean injury severity score (ISS) in the spinopelvic dissociation group was significantly higher compared with other sacral fracture group (38.1 vs. 20.0; p < 0.001). Six lambda-type, four T-type, four H-type and two U-type injuries were identified. In total, four patients (25%) were found to have neurological impairment. For treatment, 87.5% of patients underwent subsequent surgical stabilization.
Airborne sports have high potential for serious, life-threatening injuries with a high incidence of spinopelvic dissociation. In the literature, the prevalence of spinopelvic dissociation in sacral fractures is described to be between 3 and 5%. In our series, the prevalence is 36.4%. It is important to identify the potential injuries promptly for the further treatment. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
脊柱骨盆分离，也称为U型或伴有横向骨折线的H型骶骨骨折，是一种罕见的损伤，主要由高能事故导致。这会造成骶骨上中部与整个脊柱与骶骨下段发生骨性分离。目的是调查航空运动损伤中脊柱骨盆骨折的总体发生率。
利用我们的电子病历，我们回顾性研究了2010年至2017年间所有与航空运动相关的骶骨骨折。所有损伤均根据罗伊 - 卡米尔、丹尼斯、AO脊柱和Tile分类系统进行分类。
在研究期间，44例（18.7%）患者因航空运动事故导致骶骨骨折入院，其中16例为脊柱骨盆分离（36.4%）。这些损伤大多数来自滑翔伞运动（75.0%），其次是定点跳伞（21.4%）和跳伞（4%）。脊柱骨盆分离组的平均损伤严重程度评分（ISS）显著高于其他骶骨骨折组（38.1对20.0；p < 0.001）。确定了6例λ型、4例T型、4例H型和2例U型损伤。总共4例患者（25%）被发现有神经功能障碍。对于治疗，87.5%的患者接受了后续手术固定。
航空运动有导致严重危及生命损伤的高风险，脊柱骨盆分离发生率高。在文献中，骶骨骨折中脊柱骨盆分离的患病率描述为3%至5%。在我们的系列研究中，患病率为36.4%。及时识别潜在损伤以便进一步治疗很重要。这些幻灯片可在电子补充材料中获取。
