Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Fooladshahr, Isfahan, Iran.
School of Health Sciences, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Nutr Rev. 2019 Jul 1;77(7):498-513. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz007.
Assessing the relationship between single nutrients and frailty fails to take into consideration the interactions between nutrients. An increasing number of investigations in recent years have evaluated the association between dietary patterns and frailty.
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the association between dietary patterns and frailty.
PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for epidemiological studies published up to April 2018 that assessed the association between dietary patterns and frailty.
Cohort or cross-sectional studies that examined dietary patterns via an a priori or an a posteriori method in relation to risk of frailty without considering any specific age range were included. Studies were excluded if they examined single nutrients, single foods, or single food groups.
Pooled effect sizes of eligible studies and their corresponding 95%CIs were estimated using random-effects models. When publication bias was present, trim and fill analysis was conducted to adjust the pooled effect.
A total of 13 studies with 15 effect sizes were identified. Results from 9 cohort and cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis. Higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of frailty (odds ratio = 0.69; 95%CI, 0.57-0.84; P < 0.0001; I2 =92.1%; P for heterogeneity < 0.0001).
The findings suggest that a diet high in fruit, vegetables, and whole grains may be associated with reduced risk of frailty. Nevertheless, additional longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the association of dietary patterns with frailty.
评估单一营养素与虚弱之间的关系时，没有考虑到营养素之间的相互作用。近年来越来越多的研究评估了饮食模式与虚弱之间的关联。
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在总结饮食模式与虚弱之间的关联。
截至 2018 年 4 月，通过 PubMed、Scopus 和 Google Scholar 检索了评估饮食模式与虚弱风险之间关系的前瞻性或回顾性队列或横断面研究。
包括通过预先或事后方法评估饮食模式与虚弱风险之间关系且不考虑特定年龄范围的前瞻性或回顾性队列或横断面研究。如果研究仅评估单一营养素、单一食物或单一食物组，则将其排除在外。
使用随机效应模型估计合格研究的汇总效应大小及其相应的 95%置信区间。当存在发表偏倚时，采用修剪和填充分析来调整汇总效应。
共确定了 13 项符合条件的研究，包含 15 个效应量。荟萃分析纳入了 9 项队列和横断面研究的结果。较高的健康饮食模式依从性与较低的虚弱风险相关（比值比=0.69；95%置信区间，0.57-0.84；P<0.0001；I2=92.1%；P<0.0001）。
研究结果表明，富含水果、蔬菜和全谷物的饮食可能与虚弱风险降低相关。然而，需要更多的纵向研究来证实饮食模式与虚弱之间的关联。
