University of Southern California Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, Los Angeles, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Aug;36(15-16):NP8643-NP8652. doi: 10.1177/0886260519844775. Epub 2019 May 2.
People experiencing homelessness experience high rates of physical assault. While this high risk for victimization is well established, there is no research that examines whether victimization rates change over time as persons transition into permanent supportive housing (PSH). Data are from a longitudinal study of adults moving into PSH in the Los Angeles, CA area. Interviews were conducted prior to or within 5 days of moving in, with follow-up interviews at 3, 6, and 12 months after move-in ( = 370 participants completing all four interviews). Each interview assessed characteristics of past 3-month physical assault. Analyses examined change in rates of assault over time and differences by demographic subgroups. We also present findings on the most common locations and perpetrators of assault. Overall, rates of physical assault decreased after participants entered PSH. Statistically significant differences by subgroups varied by time point. Differences identified include higher rates of physical assault among Latino/a respondents, lower rates among African Americans, and higher rates of physical assault among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) respondents. The most frequent location of assault was outside at baseline, 3- and 6-month time points. Strangers were the most common perpetrator at all time points. Rates of perpetration by neighbors nearly doubled from baseline to the 12-month time point, and inside locations for assault were most common at this time point as well. While PSH is an effective intervention in reducing chronic homelessness, it is important to consider other risks to overall health and well-being, such as physical victimization.
无家可归者遭受身体攻击的比率很高。虽然这种高受害风险是众所周知的，但目前还没有研究调查随着人们过渡到永久性支持性住房（PSH），受害率是否会随着时间的推移而变化。数据来自于一项针对洛杉矶地区成年人进入 PSH 的纵向研究。在入住前或入住后 5 天内进行访谈，入住后 3、6 和 12 个月进行随访访谈（=370 名参与者完成了所有四次访谈）。每次访谈评估过去 3 个月身体攻击的特征。分析了随着时间的推移攻击率的变化以及按人口统计学亚组的差异。我们还介绍了关于攻击最常见地点和实施者的发现。总体而言，参与者进入 PSH 后，身体攻击的发生率下降。按时间点分组的统计显著差异。确定的差异包括拉丁裔/美洲受访者的身体攻击率较高，非裔美国人的身体攻击率较低，以及女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者（LGBT）受访者的身体攻击率较高。基线、3 个月和 6 个月时间点，攻击最常见的地点是室外。在所有时间点，陌生人都是最常见的实施者。从基线到 12 个月时间点，邻居的犯罪率几乎翻了一番，而此时攻击的内部地点也最为常见。虽然 PSH 是减少慢性无家可归的有效干预措施，但重要的是要考虑到其他对整体健康和幸福的风险，例如身体受害。
