Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, CP 64849 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain; ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, Girona 17003, Spain; Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Aug 1;676:356-367. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.278. Epub 2019 Apr 23.
Nejayote and swine wastewater are highly pollutant effluents and a source of organic matter load that sometimes released into water bodies (rivers or lakes), soils or public sewer system, with or without partial treatments. Nejayote is a wastewater product of alkaline cooking of maize, whereas, swine wastewater results from the primary production of pigs for the meat market. Owing to the presence of environmentally related pollutants, both sources are considered the major cause of pollution and thus require urgent action. Herein, we report a synergistic approach to effectively use and/or treat Nejayote and swine wastewater as a cost-effective culture medium for microalgae growth, which ultimately induces the removal of polluting agents. In this study, the strains Arthrospira maxima and Chlorella vulgaris were grown using different dilutions of Nejayote and swine wastewater. Both wastewaters were used as the only source of macronutrients and trace elements for growth. For A. maxima, the treatment of 10% nejayote and 90% of water (T3) resulted in a cell growth of 32 × 10 cell/mL at 12 days (μ = 0.27/d). While, a mixture of 25% swine wastewater, 25% nejayote and 50% water (T2) produced 32 × 10 cell/mL at 18 days (μ = 0.16/d). A significant reduction was also noted as 92% from 138 mg/L of TN, 75% from 77 mg/L of TP, and 96% from 8903 mg/L of COD, among different treatments. For C. vulgaris, the treatment of 10% swine wastewater and 90% water (T1) gave a cell growth of 128 × 10 cell/mL (μ = 0.57/d) followed by T3 yielded 62 × 10 cell/mL (μ = 0.70/d) and T2 yielded 48 × 10 cell/mL (μ = 0.54/d). Up to 91% reduction from 138 mg/L of TN, 85% from 19 mg/L of TP and 96% from 4870 mg/L of COD was also recorded. These results show that microalgae can be used to treat these types of wastewater while at the same time using them as a culture media for microalgae. The resultant biomass can additionally be used for getting other sub-products of commercial interest.
玉米碱性蒸煮废水和猪废水是高度污染的废水，是有机物质负荷的来源，有时会被排放到水体（河流或湖泊）、土壤或公共污水系统中，无论是否经过部分处理。玉米碱性蒸煮废水是玉米碱性蒸煮的废水产物，而猪废水则是猪肉市场中猪的初级生产的产物。由于存在与环境有关的污染物，这两种来源都被认为是造成污染的主要原因，因此需要采取紧急行动。在这里，我们报告了一种协同方法，可以有效地利用和/或处理玉米碱性蒸煮废水和猪废水，将其作为微藻生长的具有成本效益的培养基，最终诱导去除污染物。在这项研究中，使用不同稀释度的玉米碱性蒸煮废水和猪废水来培养最大节旋藻和普通小球藻。这两种废水都被用作生长所需的大量营养素和微量元素的唯一来源。对于最大节旋藻，在 12 天内（μ=0.27/d），处理 10%的玉米碱性蒸煮废水和 90%的水（T3）可使细胞生长达到 32×10^6 细胞/mL。而，将 25%猪废水、25%玉米碱性蒸煮废水和 50%水（T2）混合使用，可在 18 天内产生 32×10^6 细胞/mL（μ=0.16/d）。不同处理方法也使 TN 从 138mg/L 降低了 92%，TP 从 77mg/L 降低了 75%，COD 从 8903mg/L 降低了 96%。对于普通小球藻，处理 10%猪废水和 90%的水（T1）可使细胞生长达到 128×10^6 细胞/mL（μ=0.57/d），其次是 T3 处理可达到 62×10^6 细胞/mL（μ=0.70/d），而 T2 处理可达到 48×10^6 细胞/mL（μ=0.54/d）。TN 从 138mg/L 降低了 91%，TP 从 19mg/L 降低了 85%，COD 从 4870mg/L 降低了 96%。这些结果表明，微藻可以用于处理这些类型的废水，同时可以将其用作微藻的培养基。所得生物质还可以用于获得其他具有商业利益的副产物。
