Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops (CICGO), Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
Yueyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yueyang, 414000, China.
Sci Rep. 2019 May 2;9(1):6818. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-43348-7.
Growing oilseed rape in the fallow season may be a feasible alternative to growing green manure (e.g. Chinese milk vetch) for improving rice productivity. The objective of this study was to determine the yield performance of machine-transplanted double-season rice (i.e. early- and late-season rice) grown following oilseed rape. Field experiments were conducted to compare machine-transplanted double-season rice grown following oilseed rape, Chinese milk vetch and fallow (i.e. no crop) at Hengyang and Yueyang, Hunan Province, China in three cropping cycles from 2014 to 2017. Results showed that machine-transplanted double-season rice grown following oilseed rape and Chinese milk vetch produced similar grain yield, which was higher than that grown following fallow across two sites and three cropping cycles. The higher grain yield of machine-transplanted double-season rice grown following oilseed rape and Chinese milk vetch was attributable to improvement in both sink size (spikelet number per m) and source capacity (total biomass). However, the reasons for the improved sink size of machine-transplanted double-season rice grown following oilseed rape and Chinese milk vetch were not entirely the same. Growing oilseed rape increased panicle size (spikelet number per panicle) and panicle number in early- and late-season rice, respectively, while growing Chinese milk vetch increased panicle number in both the early- and late-season rice. Our study suggests that growing oilseed rape in the fallow season is a useful alternative strategy for improving productivity of machine-transplanted double-season rice.
在休耕期种植油菜可能是替代绿肥（例如紫云英）来提高水稻生产力的可行方法。本研究的目的是确定油菜后机插双季稻（早稻和晚稻）的产量表现。2014 年至 2017 年，在湖南省衡阳和岳阳进行了田间试验，比较了油菜后、紫云英后和休耕（无作物）后机插双季稻的产量表现。结果表明，油菜后和紫云英后机插双季稻的产量与休耕后相似，在两个地点和三个轮作周期中均高于休耕后。油菜后和紫云英后机插双季稻产量较高，是由于库容量（每平方米穗数）和源容量（总生物量）的提高。然而，油菜后和紫云英后机插双季稻库容量增加的原因并不完全相同。种植油菜分别增加了早稻和晚稻的穗粒数和穗数，而种植紫云英则增加了早稻和晚稻的穗数。我们的研究表明，在休耕期种植油菜是提高机插双季稻生产力的一种有用替代策略。
