Gupta Sheila, Fellows Kelly, Weinstock-Guttman Bianca, Hagemeier Jesper, Zivadinov Robert, Ramanathan Murali
Int J MS Care. 2019 Mar-Apr;21(2):57-62. doi: 10.7224/1537-2073.2017-112.
With social attitudes about marijuana changing and patients sometimes seeking nonmainstream treatment options, the main goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence of, and factors associated with, marijuana use by patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
Adult patients with MS (n = 521) and controls (n = 279) from a study of clinical, neuroimaging, genetic, and environmental factors in MS progression were included. Patients with MS stated whether they had ever used marijuana before MS diagnosis, after MS diagnosis, and in the preceding 3 months as part of an in-person questionnaire. The control group stated whether they had ever used marijuana and in the preceding 3 months.
The percentage of patients with MS reporting ever use of marijuana was 39.9%, compared with 32.7% of controls. Marijuana use in the preceding 3 months was significantly more prevalent among patients with MS (9.4%) compared with controls (0.4%) ( < .001). Marijuana use was most prevalent in male patients with MS ( = .004) and in patients with MS who used complementary and alternative medicine ( = .045). Cigarette smoking was associated with marijuana use in patients with MS ( < .001) and controls ( = .001). Increasing age was associated with decreasing prevalence of marijuana use in the patients with MS ( < 0.001).
Patients with MS are more likely to report recent marijuana use than are people without MS. Owing to potential adverse effects, marijuana use by patients with MS may warrant vigilance by MS caregivers, given shifting social attitudes and the trend towards legalization of marijuana in the United States.
随着社会对大麻的态度发生变化，且患者有时会寻求非主流治疗选择，本研究的主要目的是调查多发性硬化症（MS）患者使用大麻的患病率及其相关因素。
纳入了一项关于MS进展的临床、神经影像学、遗传和环境因素研究中的成年MS患者（n = 521）和对照组（n = 279）。MS患者通过面对面问卷调查表明他们在MS诊断之前、之后以及前3个月是否使用过大麻。对照组表明他们是否曾经使用过大麻以及在前3个月是否使用过大麻。
报告曾经使用过大麻的MS患者比例为39.9%，而对照组为32.7%。与对照组（0.4%）相比，MS患者在前3个月使用大麻的情况更为普遍（9.4%）（P <.001）。MS男性患者（P =.004）以及使用补充和替代医学的MS患者（P =.045）中使用大麻的情况最为普遍。吸烟与MS患者（P <.001）和对照组（P =.001）使用大麻有关。年龄增长与MS患者使用大麻的患病率降低有关（P < 0.001）。
与没有MS的人相比，MS患者更有可能报告近期使用过大麻。鉴于社会态度的转变以及美国大麻合法化的趋势，考虑到大麻的潜在不良影响，MS护理人员可能需要对MS患者使用大麻的情况保持警惕。
