Steven Samuel, Bentley Julie, Dubra Alfredo
Opt Express. 2019 Apr 15;27(8):11205-11226. doi: 10.1364/OE.27.011205.
Nodal aberration theory is used to calculate the third-order aberrations that result in image blur for an unobscured modified 4f relay (2f1 + 2f2) formed by two tilted spherical mirrors for objects at infinity (infinite conjugate) and near the front focal plane of the first mirror (finite conjugate). The field-averaged wavefront variance containing only non-rotationally symmetric aberration coefficients is then proposed as an optimization metric. Analytical and ray tracing optimization are demonstrated through sample designs. The particular cases of in-plane and orthogonal folding of the optical axis ray are discussed, followed by an analysis of a modified 2f1 + 2f2 relay in which the distance of the first mirror to the object or pupil is allowed to vary for aberration correction. The sensitivity of the infinite conjugate 2f1 + 2f2 relay to the input marginal ray angle is also examined. Finally, the optimization of multiple conjugate systems through a weighted combination of wavefront variances is proposed.
节点像差理论用于计算由两个倾斜球面镜组成的无遮拦改进型4f中继系统（2f1 + 2f2）的三阶像差，该系统用于无穷远（无限共轭）和靠近第一面镜前焦平面（有限共轭）的物体，这些像差会导致图像模糊。然后提出仅包含非旋转对称像差系数的场平均波前方差作为优化指标。通过示例设计展示了解析优化和光线追迹优化。讨论了光轴光线在平面内和正交折叠的特殊情况，随后分析了一种改进型2f1 + 2f2中继系统，其中第一面镜到物体或光瞳的距离可变化以进行像差校正。还研究了无限共轭2f1 + 2f2中继系统对输入边缘光线角度的敏感性。最后，提出通过波前方差的加权组合对多共轭系统进行优化。
