Aldamkh Bander A, Alamer Abdalaziz F, Altuwaijri Mohammed M, Alrumayyan Mohammed A, Alhaqbani Abdulaziz H, Alharthi Nawaf A, Aldamkh Saeed A, Aldrees Amjad S, Alrifai Muhammad T, Altuwaijri Waleed, Alrumayyan Ahmed
College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2019 Apr;24(2):89-94. doi: 10.17712/nsj.2019.2.20180017.
To evaluate the clinical presenation of acute disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in pediatric age group, treatments, and to asses the outcome at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudia Arabia.
The medical records of all patients younger than 18 years of age with a diagnosis of ADEM and treated at King Abdulaziz Medical City from January 1996 to Decemeber 2016 were collected. A total of 20 patients were included.
Of 20 patients enrolled in our study, 13 (65%) were female. Autumn and summer were the most common seasons in which ADEM presented (60%); 19 (95%) patients had a history of preceding viral illnesses. The most common neurological deficits on presentation were weakness (85%), ataxia (45%), and nystagmus (45%). Cortical and subcortical lesions (60%) were the most common finding on cranial magnetic resonance imaging. Seventeen patients (85%) received steroid only. Only 16 patients continued with follow-up, with a mean duration of 7 months. All 16 patients improved: 11 patients were recovered and 5 patients still had a neurological deficit at the clinic visits. No patient had relapsed.
Most of the patients in this case series have an excellent outcome and attended follow-up visits and no disease relapses were identified. Further exploration of the disease is recommended.
评估沙特阿拉伯王国利雅得阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医疗城儿科急性播散性脑脊髓炎（ADEM）的临床表现、治疗方法，并评估其预后。
收集1996年1月至2016年12月在阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医疗城确诊并接受治疗的所有18岁以下ADEM患者的病历。共纳入20例患者。
在我们纳入研究的20例患者中，13例（65%）为女性。秋季和夏季是ADEM最常见的发病季节（60%）；19例（95%）患者有前驱病毒感染史。就诊时最常见的神经功能缺损为无力（85%）、共济失调（45%）和眼球震颤（45%）。头颅磁共振成像最常见的表现是皮质和皮质下病变（60%）。17例（85%）患者仅接受了类固醇治疗。只有16例患者继续随访，平均随访时间为7个月。所有16例患者均有改善：11例患者康复，5例患者在门诊就诊时仍有神经功能缺损。无患者复发。
本病例系列中的大多数患者预后良好，接受了随访，未发现疾病复发。建议对该疾病进行进一步探索。
