Oral Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation Does Not Affect Serum Calcification Propensity in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Chronic Metabolic Acidosis.

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and metabolic acidosis might accelerate vascular calcification. The T50 calcification inhibition test (T50-test) is a global functional test analyzing the overall propensity of calcification in serum, and low T50-time is associated with progressive aortic stiffening and with all-cause mortality in non-dialysis CKD, dialysis, and transplant patients. Low serum bicarbonate is associated with a short T50-time and alkali supplementation could be a simple modifier of calcification propensity. The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of oral sodium bicarbonate supplementation on T50-time in CKD patients.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The SoBic-study is an ongoing randomized-controlled trial in CKD-G3 and G4 patients with chronic metabolic acidosis (serum HCO3- ≤21 mmol/L), in which patients are randomized to either achieve serum HCO3- levels of 24 ± 1 mmol/L (intervention group) or 20 ± 1 mmol/L (rescue group). The effect of bicarbonate treatment on T50-time was assessed.

RESULTS

The study cohort consisted of 35 (14 female) patients aged 57 (±15) years, and 18 were randomized to the intervention group. The mean T50-time was 275 (± 64) min. After 4 weeks, the mean change of T50-time was 4 (±69) min in the intervention group and 18 min (±56) in the rescue group (β = -25; 95% CI: -71 to 22; p = 0.298). Moreover, change of serum bicarbonate in individual patients was not associated with change in T50-time, analyzed by regression analysis. Change of serum phosphate had a significant impact on change of T50-time (β = -145; 95% CI: -237 to -52).

CONCLUSION

Oral sodium bicarbonate supplementation showed no effect on T50-time in acidotic CKD patients.