California State University, Los Angeles, United States.
University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
Soc Sci Med. 2019 Jul;232:106-119. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.04.031. Epub 2019 Apr 22.
Although several systematic reviews have addressed the antecedents and consequences of adolescent motherhood, none have examined adolescent fatherhood.
The aims of this systematic review were to identify evidence-based factors that increase the probability of adolescent fatherhood and to identify outcomes that differ between adolescent fathers compared to two other groups, namely adult fathers and non-father age peers. The current study used a theoretical framework, Parke's systems view, to guide the review.
The search strategy included a bibliographic search of PubMed and PsycINFO. To be included, publications had to be (a) peer-reviewed, (b) quantitative studies, (c) published in English, and (d) compare adolescent fathers (<20 years) to adult fathers (>19 years) or to non-father peers (13- to 19-years old).
A total of 2869 unique published sources were screened and 39 met these inclusion criteria. More than half of the articles focused on antecedents (k = 24), with the most consistent evidence showing that adolescent fathers come from disadvantaged backgrounds characterized by single-parent households and low parental socioeconomic status. There is also evidence that adolescent fathers were disproportionately Black or Latino (vs. White), had lower academic competence, engaged in more delinquent behavior (e.g., vandalism), and had peers who engaged in more anti-social behaviors. Articles on the outcomes of adolescent fatherhood (k = 23) yielded consistent evidence that their offspring are at greater risk of being preterm or low birthweight and psychological disorders as compared to the offspring of adult fathers.
Much of the literature was published prior to the year 2000, and methodological weaknesses are noted. Nonetheless, this review has implications for beginning to establish an evidence-based understanding of adolescent fathers. Future rigorous and theory-driven research can provide an even clearer picture and a basis for intervention.
尽管有几项系统评价已经探讨了青少年母亲的前因后果，但没有一项评价研究过青少年父亲。
本系统评价的目的是确定增加青少年成为父亲的可能性的循证因素，并确定与其他两组（即成年父亲和非父亲年龄的同龄人）相比，青少年父亲的不同结果。本研究使用 Parke 的系统观理论框架来指导评价。
搜索策略包括对 PubMed 和 PsycINFO 的文献检索。要被纳入，出版物必须是：（a）同行评议，（b）定量研究，（c）以英文发表，（d）比较青少年父亲（<20 岁）与成年父亲（>19 岁）或非父亲同龄人（13-19 岁）。
共筛选了 2869 个独特的已发表来源，其中 39 个符合这些纳入标准。超过一半的文章侧重于前因（k=24），最一致的证据表明，青少年父亲来自以单亲家庭和低父母社会经济地位为特征的劣势背景。也有证据表明，青少年父亲不成比例地是黑人或拉丁裔（与白人相比），学业能力较低，参与更多的犯罪行为（例如，破坏公物），并且有更多参与反社会行为的同龄人。关于青少年父亲的结果（k=23）的文章得出了一致的证据，与成年父亲的后代相比，他们的后代早产或低出生体重和心理障碍的风险更高。
大部分文献发表于 2000 年之前，并且注意到方法上的弱点。尽管如此，本综述对开始建立基于证据的青少年父亲的理解具有意义。未来严格和理论驱动的研究可以提供更清晰的图景和干预的基础。
