J Acad Nutr Diet. 2019 Jul;119(7):1142-1149. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.03.001. Epub 2019 May 7.
Many students experience challenges participating in the School Breakfast Program (SBP) when breakfast is served before school in the cafeteria. Serving breakfast free to all students or offering innovative breakfast serving models, such as breakfast in the classroom (BIC), grab n' go, or second chance breakfast, may encourage higher SBP participation rates.
To examine the association between offering breakfast free to all students as well as breakfast serving model with student participation in the SBP in October 2017 among public schools in North Carolina.
Cross-sectional study using data from the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: This study included data from 2,285 North Carolina public schools who served breakfast in October 2017 with 1,445,287 students.
The main outcome measures are the odds of a student participating in the SBP among students overall, students eligible for free or reduced-price (FRP) meals, and students not eligible for FRP meals.
Multiple logistic regression assessed the association between offering breakfast free to all students and breakfast serving model with the probability of participating in the SBP (number of students participating out of number of students enrolled) for students overall, eligible for FRP meals, and not eligible for FRP meals. Statistical models were stratified by school type (elementary, middle, and high schools).
Breakfast serving models positively associated with SBP participation were BIC and BIC plus grab n' go for elementary and high school students and grab n' go and second chance for middle and high school students (P<0.05). Serving breakfast free to all students was positively associated with SBP participation alone and in combination with BIC, second chance, and BIC plus grab n' go (P<0.05).
Serving breakfast free to all students and breakfast serving model were associated with SBP participation, and different relationships existed for different school levels.
许多学生在学校自助餐厅吃早餐时，会遇到参与学校早餐计划（SBP）的挑战。为所有学生免费提供早餐，或提供创新的早餐供应模式，如课堂早餐（BIC）、即拿即走或二次机会早餐，可能会鼓励更高的 SBP 参与率。
研究在北卡罗来纳州，2017 年 10 月向所有学生免费提供早餐以及早餐供应模式与学生参与 SBP 的关联，调查对象为该州公立学校。
使用北卡罗来纳州教育部的数据进行横断面研究。
参与者/设置：本研究纳入了 2017 年 10 月提供早餐的北卡罗来纳州 2285 所公立学校的数据，共有 1445287 名学生。
主要观察指标是所有学生、有资格获得免费或减价（FRP）餐的学生和没有资格获得 FRP 餐的学生参与 SBP 的学生比例。
多变量逻辑回归评估了向所有学生提供免费早餐和早餐供应模式与 SBP 参与概率之间的关联（参与人数与注册人数之比），包括全体学生、有资格获得 FRP 餐的学生和没有资格获得 FRP 餐的学生。统计模型按学校类型（小学、初中和高中）分层。
与 SBP 参与率呈正相关的早餐供应模式有小学和高中的 BIC 和 BIC 加即拿即走模式以及初中和高中的即拿即走和二次机会模式（P<0.05）。向所有学生免费提供早餐与 SBP 参与率呈正相关，与 BIC、二次机会和 BIC 加即拿即走模式结合使用时也是如此（P<0.05）。
向所有学生免费提供早餐和早餐供应模式与 SBP 参与率相关，不同的学校层次之间存在不同的关系。
