Hüe Thomas, Fontfreyde Chloé
Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien, Equipe ARBOREAL, BP 73, 98890, Païta, New Caledonia.
Groupement de Défense Sanitaire Animal, Chambre d'Agriculture de Nouvelle Calédonie, BP 111, 98845, Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2019 Sep;51(7):1989-1995. doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-01899-x. Epub 2019 May 10.
Despite several decades of chemical control, the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus remains an important constraint for cattle farmers. The regular use of chemicals has led to the development of tick strains that are multi-resistant to acaricides. New methods of tick control are being developed and combined in integrated tick management programs. Grazing management is one part of these control methods. However, until now, grazing management consisted essentially of resting pastures for 4 to 5 months. This amount of time is generally sufficient to allow for natural tick larvae mortality to occur, but this method often compromises the quality of forages, which is less than optimal at the time of arrival of the animals in the paddock. In this paper, we propose a new approach to pasture management-based tick control that optimizes forage production. It is based on tick development biological parameters, herd management and strategic treatments. This approach was tested for 2 years on two farms raising tick-susceptible European breeds of cattle under tropical conditions. The number of chemical treatments decreased respectively by 82.9% and 70.9%. This cost-effective approach may prove useful in decreasing the number of acaricidal treatments on farms facing high tick loads.
尽管经过了几十年的化学防治，但微小牛蜱对养牛户来说仍然是一个重要的制约因素。化学药品的常规使用导致了对杀螨剂具有多重抗性的蜱虫品系的出现。新的蜱虫控制方法正在被开发，并被整合到综合蜱虫管理计划中。放牧管理是这些控制方法的一部分。然而，到目前为止，放牧管理主要包括让牧场休牧4至5个月。这段时间通常足以使蜱虫幼虫自然死亡，但这种方法往往会影响牧草质量，在动物进入牧场时，牧草质量并不理想。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于牧场管理的蜱虫控制新方法，该方法可优化牧草生产。它基于蜱虫发育的生物学参数、畜群管理和策略性处理。在热带条件下，该方法在两个饲养易感染蜱虫的欧洲牛品种的农场进行了为期两年的测试。化学处理的次数分别减少了82.9%和70.9%。这种经济有效的方法可能有助于减少蜱虫负担重的农场的杀螨剂处理次数。
