SINTEF Ocean, Environment and New Resources, N-7465, Trondheim, Norway; Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870, Nordnes, NO-5817, Bergen, Norway; Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, NO-5020, Bergen, Norway.
SINTEF Ocean, Environment and New Resources, N-7465, Trondheim, Norway.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Aug;251:212-220. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.126. Epub 2019 May 1.
A multitude of recent studies have documented the detrimental effects of crude oil exposure on early life stages of fish, including larvae and embryos. While polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), particularly alkyl PAHs, are often considered the main cause of observed toxic effects, other crude oil derived organic compounds are usually overlooked. In the current study, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was applied to investigate the body burden of a wide range of petrogenic compounds in Atlantic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) and cod (Gadus morhua) embryos that had been exposed to sublethal doses of dispersed crude oil. Several groups of alkylated monoaromatic compounds (e.g. alkyl tetralins, indanes and alkyl benzenes), as well as highly alkylated PAHs, were found to accumulate in the fish embryos upon crude oil exposure. To investigate the toxicity of the monoaromatic compounds, two models (1-isopropyl-4-methyltetralin and 1-isopropyl-4-methylindane) were synthesized and shown to bioaccumulate and cause delayed hatching in developing embryos. Minor developmental effects, including craniofacial and jaw deformations and pericardial edemas, were also observed at the highest studied concentrations of the alkylindane.
大量最近的研究记录了原油暴露对鱼类早期生命阶段（包括幼虫和胚胎）的有害影响。虽然多环芳烃（PAHs），特别是烷基 PAHs，通常被认为是观察到的毒性效应的主要原因，但其他源自原油的有机化合物通常被忽视。在当前的研究中，应用全面二维气相色谱法结合质谱法来研究暴露于亚致死剂量分散原油的大西洋鳕鱼（Melanogrammus aeglefinus）和鳕鱼（Gadus morhua）胚胎中广泛的生源化合物的体内负荷。发现几组烷基化单芳族化合物（例如烷基四氢萘、茚满和烷基苯）以及高度烷基化的 PAHs 在原油暴露后在鱼类胚胎中积累。为了研究单芳族化合物的毒性，合成了两种模型（1-异丙基-4-甲基四氢萘和 1-异丙基-4-甲基茚满），并表明它们在发育中的胚胎中具有生物累积性，并导致孵化延迟。在研究的最高浓度的烷基茚满中，还观察到轻微的发育效应，包括颅面和颌骨畸形以及心包水肿。
