Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS), University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Accra, Ghana.
School of Dietetics and Human, Nutrition McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC Canada.
Nutrition. 2019 Sep;65:97-102. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.03.006. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
The aim of this study was to examine predictors of household food insecurity, dietary diversity, and children's mean micronutrient density adequacy and the relationship among these dietary measures.
Baseline analysis of a quasi-experimental 16-mo intervention study conducted in 12 rural communities in the three main agroecological zones in Ghana. The study included 608 caregivers with their 2- to 5-y-old children. Nutrient density adequacy was estimated for a subsample of 120 children.
Food insecurity was more severe among farming households than their non-farming counterparts (P = 0.032). Dietary diversity score was significantly higher among non-farming households than farming households (P < 0.001). Food insecurity was negatively correlated with both household dietary diversity (r = -0.385; P < 0.001) and child mean micronutrient adequacy (r = -0.305; P < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between dietary diversity and children's mean micronutrient density adequacy. Belonging to a household that is severely food insecure and household size were significant predictors of children's mean micronutrient density adequacy (ß = -0.124, P = 0.006; ß = 0.011, P = 0.006, respectively).
Household food insecurity continues to be a good indicator of lower nutrient intake in children.
本研究旨在探讨家庭食物不安全、饮食多样性以及儿童平均微量营养素密度充足性的预测因素，并分析这些饮食指标之间的关系。
在加纳三个主要农业生态区的 12 个农村社区进行的一项为期 16 个月的准实验干预研究的基线分析。该研究纳入了 608 名照顾者及其 2 至 5 岁的儿童。对 120 名儿童的子样本进行了营养素密度充足性估计。
与非农业家庭相比，农业家庭的食物不安全程度更为严重（P=0.032）。非农业家庭的饮食多样性得分明显高于农业家庭（P<0.001）。食物不安全与家庭饮食多样性（r=-0.385；P<0.001）和儿童平均微量营养素充足性（r=-0.305；P<0.001）呈负相关。饮食多样性与儿童平均微量营养素密度充足性之间没有显著相关性。家庭严重食物不安全和家庭规模是儿童平均微量营养素密度充足性的重要预测因素（β=-0.124，P=0.006；β=0.011，P=0.006）。
家庭食物不安全仍然是儿童营养摄入较低的一个良好指标。
