Daglis Ioannis A, Katsavrias Christos, Georgiou Marina
1 Department of Physics , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , 15487 Athens , Greece.
2 Institute of Accelerating Systems and Applications , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , 15487 Athens , Greece.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2019 Jul 1;377(2148):20180097. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0097.
Electrons in the outer Van Allen (radiation) belt occasionally reach relativistic energies, turning them into a potential hazard for spacecraft operating in geospace. Such electrons have secured the reputation of satellite killers and play a prominent role in space weather. The flux of these electrons can vary over time scales of years (related to the solar cycle) to minutes (related to sudden storm commencements). Electric fields and plasma waves are the main factors regulating the electron transport, acceleration and loss. Both the fields and the plasma waves are driven directly or indirectly by disturbances originating in the Sun, propagating through interplanetary space and impacting the Earth. This paper reviews our current understanding of the response of outer Van Allen belt electrons to solar eruptions and their interplanetary extensions, i.e. interplanetary coronal mass ejections and high-speed solar wind streams and the associated stream interaction regions. This article is part of the theme issue 'Solar eruptions and their space weather impact'.
范艾伦外层（辐射）带中的电子偶尔会达到相对论能量，这使它们成为在地球空间运行的航天器的潜在危险。这类电子素有“卫星杀手”之称，在空间天气中扮演着重要角色。这些电子的通量在数年（与太阳周期有关）到数分钟（与突然风暴起始有关）的时间尺度上都会发生变化。电场和等离子体波是调节电子传输、加速和损失的主要因素。电场和等离子体波均由源自太阳的扰动直接或间接驱动，这些扰动在行星际空间中传播并影响地球。本文综述了我们目前对外层范艾伦带电子对太阳爆发及其行星际延伸（即行星际日冕物质抛射和高速太阳风流以及相关的流相互作用区域）的响应的理解。本文是“太阳爆发及其空间天气影响”主题特刊的一部分。
