College of Forestry, Fujian Colleges and Universities Engineering Research Institute of Conservation & Utilization of Natural Bioresources, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
Cells. 2019 May 10;8(5):438. doi: 10.3390/cells8050438.
Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs), which function as the activator of heat shock proteins (Hsps), play multiple roles in response to environmental stress and the development of plants. The Hsf family had experienced gene expansion via whole-genome duplication from a single cell algae to higher plants. However, how the Hsf gene family went through evolutionary divergence after genome duplication is unknown. As a model wood species, is widely distributed in North America with various ecological and climatic environments. In this study, we used as materials and identified the expression divergence of the gene family in developmental processes, such as dormant bud formation and opening, catkins development, and in response to environments. Through the co-expression network, we further discovered the divergent co-expressed genes that related to the functional divergence of . Then, we studied the alternative splicing events, single nucleotide polymorphism distribution and tertiary structures of members of the gene family. In addition to expression divergence, we uncovered the evolutionary divergence in the protein level which may be important to new function formations and for survival in changing environments. This study comprehensively analyzed the evolutionary divergence of a member of the gene family after genome duplication, paving the way for further gene function analysis and genetic engineering.
热休克转录因子（Hsfs）作为热休克蛋白（Hsps）的激活剂，在应对环境压力和植物发育中发挥多种作用。Hsf 家族经历了从单细胞藻类到高等植物的全基因组复制导致的基因扩张。然而，在基因组复制后，Hsf 基因家族如何经历进化分歧尚不清楚。作为一种模式木种， 广泛分布于北美的各种生态和气候环境中。在这项研究中，我们以 为材料，鉴定了 Hsf 基因家族在休眠芽形成和开放、柔荑花序发育以及对环境响应等发育过程中的表达分歧。通过共表达网络，我们进一步发现了与 功能分歧相关的分歧共表达基因。然后，我们研究了 基因家族成员的选择性剪接事件、单核苷酸多态性分布和三级结构。除了表达分歧外，我们还揭示了蛋白质水平的进化分歧，这可能对新功能的形成和在不断变化的环境中生存很重要。本研究全面分析了基因组复制后 Hsf 基因家族的进化分歧，为进一步的基因功能分析和遗传工程奠定了基础。
