École de Psychoéducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
School Environment Research Group (SERG), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Pediatr Res. 2020 Jul;88(1):125-130. doi: 10.1038/s41390-019-0417-5. Epub 2019 May 13.
The objectives of this study were to derive trajectories of childhood participation in organized physical activity (PA) and to examine how these trajectories are associated with pre-existing and subsequent emotional adjustment.
Trajectories of mother-reported participation in organized PA were derived from age 6 to 10 for 1492 children from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development birth cohort. Parents and teachers reported on internalizing behavior (emotional distress, anxiety, shyness, social withdrawal) at ages 4 and 12, respectively.
Longitudinal latent class analysis identified two typical trajectories of participation in organized PA. The Consistent Participation trajectory (61%) included children with elevated probability of participation at all ages. The Low-Inconsistent Participation trajectory (39%) included children who did not participate or participated only once or twice, generally in late childhood. Pre-existing internalizing behavior at age 4 did not predict trajectory membership. However, children in the Low-Inconsistent Participation trajectory showed higher subsequent emotional distress (B = 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.46-1.28), anxiety (B = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.18-1.04), shyness (B = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.39-1.44), and social withdrawal (B = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.37-1.34) at age 12 than those in the Consistent Participation trajectory.
Our findings suggest that early and sustained involvement in organized PA is beneficial for children's emotional development.
本研究旨在描绘儿童有组织的身体活动（PA）参与轨迹，并探讨这些轨迹与预先存在和后续情绪调整的关系。
从魁北克儿童发展纵向研究的出生队列中，1492 名儿童在 6 至 10 岁时，母亲报告其有组织 PA 的参与情况，以此得出轨迹。父母和老师分别在 4 岁和 12 岁时报告内化行为（情绪困扰、焦虑、害羞、社交退缩）。
纵向潜在类别分析确定了参与有组织 PA 的两种典型轨迹。持续参与轨迹（61%）包括所有年龄段参与可能性较高的儿童。低不一致参与轨迹（39%）包括几乎不参与或仅参与一两次的儿童，通常在儿童后期。4 岁时预先存在的内化行为不能预测轨迹归属。然而，低不一致参与轨迹中的儿童在 12 岁时表现出更高的后续情绪困扰（B=0.87，95%置信区间[CI]：0.46-1.28）、焦虑（B=0.61，95% CI：0.18-1.04）、害羞（B=0.92，95% CI：0.39-1.44）和社交退缩（B=0.86，95% CI：0.37-1.34），高于持续参与轨迹中的儿童。
我们的研究结果表明，早期和持续参与有组织的 PA 对儿童的情绪发展有益。
