ElectronRx Ltd., Eagle Labs , Cambridge , UK.
School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton , Southampton , UK.
Int J Neurosci. 2019 Oct;129(10):1013-1023. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1609473. Epub 2019 Aug 9.
The effective treatment of many diseases requires the use of multiple treatment strategies among which neuromodulation is playing an increasingly important role. Neuromodulation devices that act to normalize or modulate nerve activity through the targeted delivery of electrical stimuli will be the focus of this review. These devices encompass deep brain stimulators, vagus nerve stimulators, spinal cord simulators and sacral nerve stimulators. Already neuromodulation has proven successful in the treatment of a broad range of conditions from Parkinson's disease to chronic pain and urinary incontinence. Many of these approaches seek to exploit the activities of the autonomic nervous system, which influences organ function through the release of neurotransmitters and associated signalling cascades. This review will outline existing and emerging applications for each of these neuromodulation devices, proposed mechanisms of action and clinical studies evaluating both their safety and therapeutic efficacy.
许多疾病的有效治疗需要使用多种治疗策略，其中神经调节正发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文将重点介绍通过靶向传递电刺激来实现神经活动正常化或调节的神经调节设备。这些设备包括深部脑刺激器、迷走神经刺激器、脊髓刺激器和骶神经刺激器。神经调节已经在治疗从帕金森病到慢性疼痛和尿失禁等多种疾病方面取得了成功。这些方法中的许多方法都试图利用自主神经系统的活动，通过释放神经递质和相关信号级联来影响器官功能。本文将概述这些神经调节设备的现有和新兴应用、作用机制以及评估其安全性和治疗效果的临床研究。
