Uchasova E G, Gruzdeva O V, Dyleva Yu A, Belik E V
Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Disease, Kemerovo, Russia.
Kemerovo State Medical Academy of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Kemerovo, Russia.
Ter Arkh. 2019 May 16;91(4):130-135. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2019.04.000186.
Obesity is closely associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, including dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and heart failure. Adipose tissue (AT) is identified as a complex endocrine organ, with a wide range of regulatory functions at the cellular, tissue and systemic levels. Various terms, including paracardiac, epicardial and pericardial, are used to describe the fatty deposits surrounding the heart. Among all the fat depots, perivascular AT (PVAT) is of great biological significance for the cardiovascular system due to its anatomical proximity to the vessels. Recent studies have shown the presence of a complex, bidirectional paracrine and vasocardial signaling system between the vascular wall and PVAT. In the review, we will discuss the biological role of PVAT in both the physiological state and cardiovascular pathology, emphasizing its dual proatherogenic and antiatherogenic role. Let us consider PVAT as a target for various therapeutic agents in cardiovascular diseases. We will also analyze data on the role of non-invasive techniques as a diagnostic tool for assessing coronary artery inflammation.
肥胖与代谢性疾病和心血管疾病密切相关，包括血脂异常、冠状动脉疾病、高血压和心力衰竭。脂肪组织（AT）被认为是一个复杂的内分泌器官，在细胞、组织和全身水平具有广泛的调节功能。各种术语，包括心旁、心外膜和心包的，被用来描述心脏周围的脂肪沉积。在所有脂肪库中，血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）因其在解剖学上与血管接近，对心血管系统具有重要的生物学意义。最近的研究表明，血管壁和PVAT之间存在一个复杂的双向旁分泌和血管心肌信号系统。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论PVAT在生理状态和心血管病理中的生物学作用，强调其促动脉粥样硬化和抗动脉粥样硬化的双重作用。让我们将PVAT视为心血管疾病中各种治疗药物的靶点。我们还将分析关于非侵入性技术作为评估冠状动脉炎症诊断工具作用的数据。
