Arizona Department of Health Services, Office of Infectious Disease Services, Phoenix, Arizona.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2020 Nov/Dec;26(6):562-569. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001011.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections must be reported to public health departments in Arizona; however, Arizona Department of Health Services has not had the resources to conduct comprehensive HCV surveillance since 2008 and thus monitoring HCV is difficult. Cases were traditionally reported via mail, fax, or telephone; however, beginning in 2009, clinical laboratories could report HCV results through electronic laboratory reporting (ELR).
To assess completeness of ELR in capturing HCV case reports and its utility for HCV surveillance and describing the current burden of HCV.
Two components of study: (1) HCV reporting from all sources for 2 months in 2015 was de-duplicated at the patient level and cross-matched with the 1998-2008 database and 2009-2015 ELR data to identify cases newly reported during the 2-month period and calculate the proportion reported through ELR. (2) HCV ELR results during 2009-2015 were similarly de-duplicated and compared with the 1998-2008 database to identify newly reported cases.
Hepatitis C virus patients reported to Arizona Department of Health Services.
Hepatitis C virus case patients reported during 1998-2008 and through ELR during 2009-2015. Hepatitis C virus patients through paper reports for January and June 2015.
(1) Using 2 months of all HCV reporting in 2015 to examine the proportion of cases captured by ELR and the differences in the type of reports captured by ELR and non-ELR sources only. (2) Compared sex, birth year, viral load, and genotype from ELR-only data to other surveillance data.
Electronic laboratory reporting accounted for 1260 (64%) HCV cases newly reported during the 2 months, with 698 (36%) newly identified from non-ELR sources only. Based on these findings, an estimated 11 534 HCV cases were newly reported in 2015 (172 cases per 100 000 population). During 2009-2015, a substantial amount (23%) of newly reported cases were among persons born after 1978.
Utilizing ELR data alone can provide meaningful HCV surveillance and offers a less resource-intensive means to describe HCV burden and identify trends in newly reported cases. An assessment like this one can provide a tool for HCV monitoring in other jurisdictions that lack resources for HCV surveillance as more laboratories transition to ELR.
亚利桑那州的卫生部门必须上报丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染病例；然而，自 2008 年以来，亚利桑那州卫生服务部一直没有资源进行全面的 HCV 监测，因此难以监测 HCV。病例通常通过邮件、传真或电话报告；但是，从 2009 年开始，临床实验室可以通过电子实验室报告（ELR）报告 HCV 结果。
评估 ELR 在捕捉 HCV 病例报告方面的完整性及其在 HCV 监测中的实用性，并描述 HCV 的当前负担。
研究的两个部分：（1）2015 年两个月内从所有来源报告的 HCV 进行去重，在患者层面上与 1998-2008 年数据库和 2009-2015 年 ELR 数据进行交叉匹配，以确定在两个月期间新报告的病例，并计算通过 ELR 报告的比例。（2）对 2009-2015 年的 HCV ELR 结果进行类似的去重，并与 1998-2008 年数据库进行比较，以确定新报告的病例。
向亚利桑那州卫生服务部报告的丙型肝炎病毒患者。
1998-2008 年报告的 HCV 病例患者和 2009-2015 年通过 ELR 报告的患者。2015 年 1 月和 6 月通过纸质报告报告的 HCV 患者。
（1）使用 2015 年两个月的所有 HCV 报告来检查 ELR 捕获的病例比例，以及 ELR 和非 ELR 来源仅捕获的报告类型之间的差异。（2）比较 ELR 数据中仅报告的性别、出生年份、病毒载量和基因型与其他监测数据。
电子实验室报告占 2015 年两个月期间新报告的 1260 例 HCV 病例（64%），其中 698 例（36%）仅从非 ELR 来源新发现。基于这些发现，估计 2015 年有 11534 例 HCV 新病例报告（每 100000 人口 172 例）。在 2009-2015 年期间，大量（23%）新报告的病例发生在 1978 年后出生的人群中。
仅使用 ELR 数据即可提供有意义的 HCV 监测，并提供一种资源密集度较低的方法来描述 HCV 负担并确定新报告病例的趋势。在其他缺乏 HCV 监测资源的司法管辖区中，像这样的评估可以作为 HCV 监测的工具，因为越来越多的实验室正在过渡到 ELR。
