Gall D G, Chung M, O'Loughlin E V, Zahavi I, Opleta K
Biol Neonate. 1987;51(5):286-96. doi: 10.1159/000242666.
Although TPN is used frequently in young infants, little information is available regarding its effect on postnatal development of the gut. The effect of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and intragastric (IG) alimentation on ontogeny of the small intestine was examined in infant rabbits starting at 10-12 days. Animals were killed at 17-19 days. Body weight, organ weight and weight of segments of proximal, mid and distal small intestine were measured. Intestinal mucosa was scraped, weighed and homogenized for estimation of protein, DNA and disaccharidases. Na+ transport was examined in short-circuited jejunum. Weight gain was similar in controls, sham-treated and TPN animals, but was significantly reduced in IG animals. TPN induced precocious development of sucrase and maltase activity and glucose-stimulated Na+ transport, despite causing a significant decrease in mucosal weight and DNA and pancreatic amylase. IG alimentation also induced precocious development of sucrase, maltase and glucose-stimulated Na+ transport. Thus TPN, despite producing mucosal atrophy and decreased pancreatic exocrine development, stimulates accelerated postnatal maturation of the small intestine.
尽管全肠外营养（TPN）在幼龄婴儿中经常使用，但关于其对肠道出生后发育的影响却知之甚少。在10 - 12日龄的幼兔中，研究了全肠外营养（TPN）和胃内（IG）营养对小肠个体发育的影响。在17 - 19日龄时处死动物。测量体重、器官重量以及近端、中端和远端小肠各段的重量。刮取肠黏膜，称重并匀浆以估计蛋白质、DNA和双糖酶含量。在短路空肠中检测钠转运。对照组、假处理组和TPN组动物的体重增加相似，但IG组动物的体重增加显著减少。尽管TPN导致黏膜重量、DNA和胰腺淀粉酶显著减少，但它诱导了蔗糖酶和麦芽糖酶活性以及葡萄糖刺激的钠转运的早熟发育。IG营养也诱导了蔗糖酶、麦芽糖酶和葡萄糖刺激的钠转运的早熟发育。因此，TPN尽管会导致黏膜萎缩和胰腺外分泌发育减少，但仍能刺激小肠出生后加速成熟。
