Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Assessment and Better Care, Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2019 Oct;53(10):976-988. doi: 10.1177/0004867419848831. Epub 2019 May 17.
While near-centenarians (95-99) and centenarians are the fastest growing sectors of the population in many countries, few studies have investigated their psychological health. We aimed to compare levels of psychological distress and life satisfaction in individuals aged 95 or above (95+) with younger age groups and identify the factors associated with psychological distress and life satisfaction in near-centenarians and centenarians.
We assessed the physical, cognitive, social and psychological health of 207 participants aged 95+ in the Sydney Centenarian Study. Psychological distress and life satisfaction were rated on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and Satisfaction with Life Scale, respectively. Cross-sectional univariate comparisons were performed with participants aged 70-90 years from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study. Factors associated with psychological distress and life satisfaction among Sydney Centenarian Study participants were examined using multiple regression analyses.
In Sydney Centenarian Study and Memory and Ageing Study, mean K10 scores were 15.3 (±5.9) and 13.4 (±3.6), and clinical levels of psychological distress (K10 ⩾ 20) were 19% and 7%, respectively. Sydney Centenarian Study participants demonstrated significantly higher levels and rates of psychological distress ( = 3.869, < 0.001; χ = 27.331, < 0.001). In Sydney Centenarian Study, more psychotropic medications and having fewer relatives and friends were associated with higher psychological distress. Sydney Centenarian Study participants reported significantly higher levels of life satisfaction than Memory and Ageing Study participants, mean scores 6.0 (±1.5) and 5.6 (±1.3); = 5.835, < 0.001. Lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores and having fewer relatives and friends were associated with lower life satisfaction in Sydney Centenarian Study.
Despite showing higher levels of psychological distress in the prior 4 weeks than younger age groups, near-centenarians and centenarians remained highly satisfied with their overall lives. The identification of risk and protective factors for psychological distress and life satisfaction provides opportunities for interventions to maintain good psychological health in this vulnerable population.
虽然近百岁（95-99 岁）和百岁老人是许多国家人口增长最快的部分，但很少有研究调查他们的心理健康。我们旨在比较 95 岁及以上（95+）人群与年轻人群的心理困扰和生活满意度水平，并确定近百岁和百岁老人心理困扰和生活满意度的相关因素。
我们评估了悉尼百岁老人研究中 207 名 95 岁及以上参与者的身体、认知、社会和心理健康状况。心理困扰和生活满意度分别采用 Kessler 心理困扰量表（K10）和生活满意度量表进行评定。与来自悉尼记忆与衰老研究的 70-90 岁参与者进行了横断面单变量比较。使用多元回归分析检查了悉尼百岁老人研究参与者与心理困扰和生活满意度相关的因素。
在悉尼百岁老人研究和记忆与衰老研究中，平均 K10 评分分别为 15.3（±5.9）和 13.4（±3.6），心理困扰的临床水平（K10 ⩾20）分别为 19%和 7%。悉尼百岁老人研究参与者表现出显著更高水平和更高的心理困扰率（ ⁇ =3.869， ⁇ <0.001； χ ² =27.331， ⁇ <0.001）。在悉尼百岁老人研究中，更多的精神药物和更少的亲戚和朋友与更高的心理困扰相关。悉尼百岁老人研究参与者报告的生活满意度水平明显高于记忆与衰老研究参与者，平均得分分别为 6.0（±1.5）和 5.6（±1.3）； ⁇ =5.835， ⁇ <0.001。悉尼百岁老人研究中，较低的简易精神状态检查评分和较少的亲戚和朋友与较低的生活满意度相关。
尽管近百岁和百岁老人在过去 4 周内表现出比年轻人群更高的心理困扰水平，但他们对整体生活仍然非常满意。确定心理困扰和生活满意度的风险和保护因素为维持这一脆弱人群的良好心理健康提供了机会。
Zotero 插件