Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Acta Trop. 2019 Aug;196:165-171. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.05.015. Epub 2019 May 15.
In the past decade, Toxoplasma gondii infection has been recognized as a potential risk for many psychiatric and neurological disorders. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between Toxoplasma infection and Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. PubMed, Web of science, Scopus and Embase databases were searched up to September 30, 2018 for studies that reported risk of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases associated with Toxoplasma infection. We used a random effects meta-analysis model to generate the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Eleven studies, including seven studies for Parkinson's disease (428 patients and 540 controls) and four studies for Alzheimer's disease (301 patients and 313 controls), were included in the meta-analysis. We found that there was no statistically significant association between Toxoplasma infection, as determined by IgG serology, IgM serology, and PCR with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.78-1.68), (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 0.33-7.76) and (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 0.43-8.05), respectively. The OR for association of Toxoplasma infection, based on IgG serology with Alzheimer's patients, compared to control group, was (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.99-1.92), demonstrating a marginally significant association between Toxoplasma infection and Alzheimer's disease. Our findings do not support a general hypotheses regarding an associative relationship between Toxoplasma infection and Parkinson's disease, but do support a marginally significant association between Toxoplasma infection and Alzheimer's disease; this association should be investigated further through longitudinal and experimental studies.
在过去的十年中，弓形体感染已被认为是许多精神和神经疾病的潜在风险因素。我们进行了这项系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估弓形体感染与帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病之间的关联。我们检索了 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Embase 数据库，截至 2018 年 9 月 30 日，以获取报道弓形体感染与帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病相关风险的研究。我们使用随机效应荟萃分析模型生成合并优势比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。纳入了 11 项研究，其中 7 项研究针对帕金森病（428 名患者和 540 名对照），4 项研究针对阿尔茨海默病（301 名患者和 313 名对照）。我们发现，通过 IgG 血清学、IgM 血清学和 PCR 检测确定的弓形体感染与帕金森病风险增加之间没有统计学显著关联（OR，1.14；95%CI，0.78-1.68），（OR，1.61；95%CI，0.33-7.76）和（OR，1.87；95%CI，0.43-8.05）。与对照组相比，基于 IgG 血清学的弓形体感染与阿尔茨海默病患者的 OR 为（OR，1.38；95%CI，0.99-1.92），表明弓形体感染与阿尔茨海默病之间存在边缘显著关联。我们的研究结果不支持弓形体感染与帕金森病之间存在关联的一般假说，但支持弓形体感染与阿尔茨海默病之间存在边缘显著关联；应通过纵向和实验研究进一步研究这种关联。
