To investigate the application value of Overlap anastomosis in Billroth I digestive tract reconstruction after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy in gastric cancer. Clinical data of 68 stage T1-2 gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for D2 radical gastrectomy from January 2015 to January 2016 at China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University were retrospectively analyzed. Inclusion criteria: (1) no distant metastasis of gastric cancer confirmed by gastroscopy and pathology before surgery; (2) T1-2 tumor with diameter <3 cm; (3) the lesion locating in the antrum of the stomach with distance >1 cm from the pylorus, and no invasion into middle area; (4) R0 resection confirmed by postoperative pathology; (5) no history of abdominal surgery. Among 68 cases,23 cases were in Overlap anastomosis group and 45 cases in Billroth I anastomosis group. D2 lymph node dissection and distal gastrectomy were performed in both groups. In the Overlap anastomosis group, the duodenum and stomach were severed by a linear stapler under endoscopy, and the residual gastric curve anastomotic opening was selected. According to the tension between the duodenum and the remnant stomach, the anastomotic opening was selected at the upper edge of the remnant duodenum, and the anastomosis between the posterior wall of the remnant stomach and the upper wall of the duodenum was completed by placing the stapler under endoscopy. Then the common opening was closed and the remnant duodenum was resected. In the traditional Billroth I anastomosis group, pneumoperitoneum was discontinued after amputation of the duodenum under laparoscopy. The median incision of the upper abdomen was 9-12 cm. The distal stomach was pulled out to complete the excision of specimens, the extraction of specimens and Billroth I digestive tract reconstruction. The intraoperative and postoperative conditions of the two groups were compared with student t test (continuous variable) and chi-square test (categorica variable). Of the 68 patients,39 were males and 29 were females,with age of (65.5±10.2)(51 to 77)years. Differences in baseline data between Overlap group and Billroth I group were not statistically significant (all >0.05). Laparoscopic surgery was successfully performed in both groups without conversion to open operation. As compared with the Billroth I group, the Overlap group had significantly shorter operation time [(149.8±10.1) minutes vs. (169.8±15.3) minutes, =5.658,=0.008], shorter anastomotic time of digestive tract reconstruction [(31.2±3.8) minutes vs. (36.3±3.3) minutes, =3.389, =0.003] and shorter abdominal incision length [(4.5±0.9) cm vs.(11.0±2.3) cm, =13.244,=0.004]. There were no significant differences between two groups in intraoperative blood loss [(92.9±22.4) ml vs. (87.0±7.3) ml,=1.186,=0.366], number of lymph node dissected (28.4±5.7 vs. 27.3±5.2, 0.838, =0.383), postoperative flatus time [(4.4±2.1) days vs.(4.2±1.8) days, =0.391, =0.563], morbidity of postoperative complication [4.3%(1/23) vs. 6.7%(3/45), χ=0.148,=0.701]. All the patients were followed up for 28±10 (10-46) months. There were no long-term complications, recurrence or death in two groups. Overlap anastomosis in Billroth I digestive tract reconstruction after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy is safe and effective, and can reduce the anastomosis time.